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27 /* Note: I will not be using a _t suffix for the
28 * "main" ast node types for now.
31 typedef union ast_node_u ast_node;
32 typedef union ast_expression_u ast_expression;
34 typedef struct ast_value_s ast_value;
35 typedef struct ast_function_s ast_function;
36 typedef struct ast_block_s ast_block;
37 typedef struct ast_binary_s ast_binary;
38 typedef struct ast_store_s ast_store;
39 typedef struct ast_binstore_s ast_binstore;
40 typedef struct ast_entfield_s ast_entfield;
41 typedef struct ast_ifthen_s ast_ifthen;
42 typedef struct ast_ternary_s ast_ternary;
43 typedef struct ast_loop_s ast_loop;
44 typedef struct ast_call_s ast_call;
45 typedef struct ast_unary_s ast_unary;
46 typedef struct ast_return_s ast_return;
47 typedef struct ast_member_s ast_member;
48 typedef struct ast_array_index_s ast_array_index;
49 typedef struct ast_breakcont_s ast_breakcont;
50 typedef struct ast_switch_s ast_switch;
51 typedef struct ast_label_s ast_label;
76 #define ast_istype(x, t) ( ((ast_node_common*)x)->nodetype == (TYPE_##t) )
77 #define ast_ctx(node) (((ast_node_common*)(node))->context)
78 #define ast_side_effects(node) (((ast_node_common*)(node))->side_effects)
80 /* Node interface with common components
82 typedef void ast_node_delete(ast_node*);
86 /* I don't feel comfortable using keywords like 'delete' as names... */
87 ast_node_delete *destroy;
89 /* keep: if a node contains this node, 'keep'
90 * prevents its dtor from destroying this node as well.
96 #define ast_delete(x) ( ( (ast_node*)(x) ) -> node.destroy )((ast_node*)(x))
97 #define ast_unref(x) do \
99 if (! (((ast_node*)(x))->node.keep) ) { \
104 /* Expression interface
106 * Any expression or block returns an ir_value, and needs
107 * to know the current function.
109 typedef bool ast_expression_codegen(ast_expression*,
113 /* TODO: the codegen function should take an output-type parameter
114 * indicating whether a variable, type, label etc. is expected, and
116 * Then later an ast_ident could have a codegen using this to figure
117 * out what to look for.
118 * eg. in code which uses a not-yet defined variable, the expression
119 * would take an ast_ident, and the codegen would be called with
120 * type `expression`, so the ast_ident's codegen would search for
121 * variables through the environment (or functions, constants...).
125 ast_node_common node;
126 ast_expression_codegen *codegen;
128 ast_expression *next;
129 /* arrays get a member-count */
133 /* The codegen functions should store their output values
134 * so we can call it multiple times without re-evaluating.
135 * Store lvalue and rvalue seperately though. So that
136 * ast_entfield for example can generate both if required.
140 } ast_expression_common;
144 * Types are also values, both have a type and a name.
145 * especially considering possible constructs like typedefs.
147 * is like creating a 'float foo', foo serving as the type's name.
151 ast_expression_common expression;
171 /* usecount for the parser */
175 ir_value **ir_values;
176 size_t ir_value_count;
178 /* ONLY for arrays in progs version up to 6 */
183 ast_value* ast_value_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, int qctype);
184 ast_value* ast_value_copy(const ast_value *self);
185 /* This will NOT delete an underlying ast_function */
186 void ast_value_delete(ast_value*);
188 bool ast_value_set_name(ast_value*, const char *name);
190 bool ast_value_codegen(ast_value*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
191 bool ast_local_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_function *func, bool isparam);
192 bool ast_global_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_builder *ir, bool isfield);
194 void ast_value_params_add(ast_value*, ast_value*);
196 bool ast_compare_type(ast_expression *a, ast_expression *b);
197 ast_expression* ast_type_copy(lex_ctx ctx, const ast_expression *ex);
198 #define ast_type_adopt(a, b) ast_type_adopt_impl((ast_expression*)(a), (ast_expression*)(b))
199 bool ast_type_adopt_impl(ast_expression *self, const ast_expression *other);
200 void ast_type_to_string(ast_expression *e, char *buf, size_t bufsize);
204 * A value-returning binary expression.
208 ast_expression_common expression;
211 ast_expression *left;
212 ast_expression *right;
214 ast_binary* ast_binary_new(lex_ctx ctx,
216 ast_expression *left,
217 ast_expression *right);
218 void ast_binary_delete(ast_binary*);
220 bool ast_binary_codegen(ast_binary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
224 * An assignment including a binary expression with the source as left operand.
225 * Eg. a += b; is a binstore { INSTR_STORE, INSTR_ADD, a, b }
227 struct ast_binstore_s
229 ast_expression_common expression;
233 ast_expression *dest;
234 ast_expression *source;
236 ast_binstore* ast_binstore_new(lex_ctx ctx,
239 ast_expression *left,
240 ast_expression *right);
241 void ast_binstore_delete(ast_binstore*);
243 bool ast_binstore_codegen(ast_binstore*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
247 * Regular unary expressions: not,neg
251 ast_expression_common expression;
254 ast_expression *operand;
256 ast_unary* ast_unary_new(lex_ctx ctx,
258 ast_expression *expr);
259 void ast_unary_delete(ast_unary*);
261 bool ast_unary_codegen(ast_unary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
265 * Make sure 'return' only happens at the end of a block, otherwise the IR
266 * will refuse to create further instructions.
267 * This should be honored by the parser.
271 ast_expression_common expression;
272 ast_expression *operand;
274 ast_return* ast_return_new(lex_ctx ctx,
275 ast_expression *expr);
276 void ast_return_delete(ast_return*);
278 bool ast_return_codegen(ast_return*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
282 * This must do 2 things:
283 * -) Provide a way to fetch an entity field value. (Rvalue)
284 * -) Provide a pointer to an entity field. (Lvalue)
286 * In original QC, there's only a STORE via pointer, but
287 * no LOAD via pointer.
288 * So we must know beforehand if we are going to read or assign
290 * For this we will have to extend the codegen() functions with
291 * a flag saying whether or not we need an L or an R-value.
293 struct ast_entfield_s
295 ast_expression_common expression;
296 /* The entity can come from an expression of course. */
297 ast_expression *entity;
298 /* As can the field, it just must result in a value of TYPE_FIELD */
299 ast_expression *field;
301 ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field);
302 ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new_force(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field, const ast_expression *outtype);
303 void ast_entfield_delete(ast_entfield*);
305 bool ast_entfield_codegen(ast_entfield*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
309 * For now used for vectors. If we get structs or unions
310 * we can have them handled here as well.
314 ast_expression_common expression;
315 ast_expression *owner;
319 ast_member* ast_member_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *owner, unsigned int field, const char *name);
320 void ast_member_delete(ast_member*);
322 bool ast_member_codegen(ast_member*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
324 /* Array index access:
326 * QC forces us to take special action on arrays:
327 * an ast_store on an ast_array_index must not codegen the index,
328 * but call its setter - unless we have an instruction set which supports
330 * Any other array index access will be codegened to a call to the getter.
331 * In any case, accessing an element via a compiletime-constant index will
332 * result in quick access to that variable.
334 struct ast_array_index_s
336 ast_expression_common expression;
337 ast_expression *array;
338 ast_expression *index;
340 ast_array_index* ast_array_index_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *array, ast_expression *index);
341 void ast_array_index_delete(ast_array_index*);
343 bool ast_array_index_codegen(ast_array_index*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
347 * Stores left<-right and returns left.
348 * Specialized binary expression node
352 ast_expression_common expression;
354 ast_expression *dest;
355 ast_expression *source;
357 ast_store* ast_store_new(lex_ctx ctx, int op,
358 ast_expression *d, ast_expression *s);
359 void ast_store_delete(ast_store*);
361 bool ast_store_codegen(ast_store*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
365 * A general 'if then else' statement, either side can be NULL and will
366 * thus be omitted. It is an error for *both* cases to be NULL at once.
368 * During its 'codegen' it'll be changing the ast_function's block.
370 * An if is also an "expression". Its codegen will put NULL into the
371 * output field though. For ternary expressions an ast_ternary will be
376 ast_expression_common expression;
377 ast_expression *cond;
378 /* It's all just 'expressions', since an ast_block is one too. */
379 ast_expression *on_true;
380 ast_expression *on_false;
382 ast_ifthen* ast_ifthen_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse);
383 void ast_ifthen_delete(ast_ifthen*);
385 bool ast_ifthen_codegen(ast_ifthen*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
387 /* Ternary expressions...
389 * Contrary to 'if-then-else' nodes, ternary expressions actually
390 * return a value, otherwise they behave the very same way.
391 * The difference in 'codegen' is that it'll return the value of
394 * The other difference is that in an ast_ternary, NEITHER side
395 * must be NULL, there's ALWAYS an else branch.
397 * This is the only ast_node beside ast_value which contains
398 * an ir_value. Theoretically we don't need to remember it though.
402 ast_expression_common expression;
403 ast_expression *cond;
404 /* It's all just 'expressions', since an ast_block is one too. */
405 ast_expression *on_true;
406 ast_expression *on_false;
408 ast_ternary* ast_ternary_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse);
409 void ast_ternary_delete(ast_ternary*);
411 bool ast_ternary_codegen(ast_ternary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
413 /* A general loop node
415 * For convenience it contains 4 parts:
416 * -) (ini) = initializing expression
417 * -) (pre) = pre-loop condition
418 * -) (pst) = post-loop condition
419 * -) (inc) = "increment" expression
420 * The following is a psudo-representation of this loop
421 * note that '=>' bears the logical meaning of "implies".
422 * (a => b) equals (!a || b)
425 while (has_pre => {pre})
429 continue: // a 'continue' will jump here
430 if (has_pst => {pst})
438 ast_expression_common expression;
439 ast_expression *initexpr;
440 ast_expression *precond;
441 ast_expression *postcond;
442 ast_expression *increment;
443 ast_expression *body;
445 ast_loop* ast_loop_new(lex_ctx ctx,
446 ast_expression *initexpr,
447 ast_expression *precond,
448 ast_expression *postcond,
449 ast_expression *increment,
450 ast_expression *body);
451 void ast_loop_delete(ast_loop*);
453 bool ast_loop_codegen(ast_loop*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
457 struct ast_breakcont_s
459 ast_expression_common expression;
462 ast_breakcont* ast_breakcont_new(lex_ctx ctx, bool iscont);
463 void ast_breakcont_delete(ast_breakcont*);
465 bool ast_breakcont_codegen(ast_breakcont*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
469 * A few notes about this: with the original QCVM, no real optimization
470 * is possible. The SWITCH instruction set isn't really helping a lot, since
471 * it only collapes the EQ and IF instructions into one.
472 * Note: Declaring local variables inside caseblocks is normal.
473 * Since we don't have to deal with a stack there's no unnatural behaviour to
474 * be expected from it.
478 ast_expression *value; /* #20 will replace this */
479 ast_expression *code;
483 ast_expression_common expression;
485 ast_expression *operand;
486 ast_switch_case *cases;
489 ast_switch* ast_switch_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *op);
490 void ast_switch_delete(ast_switch*);
492 bool ast_switch_codegen(ast_switch*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
496 * Introduce a label which can be used together with 'goto'
500 ast_expression_common expression;
505 ast_label* ast_label_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name);
506 void ast_label_delete(ast_label*);
508 bool ast_label_codegen(ast_label*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
512 * Contains an ast_expression as target, rather than an ast_function/value.
513 * Since it's how QC works, every ast_function has an ast_value
514 * associated anyway - in other words, the VM contains function
515 * pointers for every function anyway. Thus, this node will call
517 * Additionally it contains a list of ast_expressions as parameters.
518 * Since calls can return values, an ast_call is also an ast_expression.
522 ast_expression_common expression;
523 ast_expression *func;
524 ast_expression* *params;
526 ast_call* ast_call_new(lex_ctx ctx,
527 ast_expression *funcexpr);
528 void ast_call_delete(ast_call*);
529 bool ast_call_codegen(ast_call*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
530 bool ast_call_check_types(ast_call*);
537 ast_expression_common expression;
540 ast_expression* *exprs;
541 ast_expression* *collect;
543 ast_block* ast_block_new(lex_ctx ctx);
544 void ast_block_delete(ast_block*);
545 bool ast_block_set_type(ast_block*, ast_expression *from);
547 bool ast_block_codegen(ast_block*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
548 void ast_block_collect(ast_block*, ast_expression*);
550 void ast_block_add_expr(ast_block*, ast_expression*);
554 * Contains a list of blocks... at least in theory.
555 * Usually there's just the main block, other blocks are inside that.
557 * Technically, functions don't need to be an AST node, since we have
558 * neither functions inside functions, nor lambdas, and function
559 * pointers could just work with a name. However, this way could be
560 * more flexible, and adds no real complexity.
562 struct ast_function_s
564 ast_node_common node;
571 ir_function *ir_func;
573 ir_block *breakblock;
574 ir_block *continueblock;
577 /* In order for early-out logic not to go over
578 * excessive jumps, we remember their target
586 /* in order for thread safety - for the optional
587 * channel abesed multithreading... keeping a buffer
588 * here to use in ast_function_label.
594 ast_function* ast_function_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, ast_value *vtype);
595 /* This will NOT delete the underlying ast_value */
596 void ast_function_delete(ast_function*);
597 /* For "optimized" builds this can just keep returning "foo"...
600 const char* ast_function_label(ast_function*, const char *prefix);
602 bool ast_function_codegen(ast_function *self, ir_builder *builder);
606 union ast_expression_u
608 ast_expression_common expression;
616 ast_entfield entfield;
623 ast_node_common node;
624 ast_expression expression;