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1
2 // Shadow Volume BSP code written by Forest "LordHavoc" Hale on 2003-11-06 and placed into public domain.
3 // Modified by LordHavoc (to make it work and other nice things like that) on 2007-01-24 and 2007-01-25
4 // Optimized by LordHavoc on 2009-12-24 and 2009-12-25
5
6 #include <math.h>
7 #include <string.h>
8 #include "svbsp.h"
9 #include "polygon.h"
10
11 #define MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS 64
12 #define SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON (1.0f / 1024.0f)
13
14 #define SVBSP_DotProduct(a,b) ((a)[0]*(b)[0]+(a)[1]*(b)[1]+(a)[2]*(b)[2])
15
16 typedef struct svbsp_polygon_s
17 {
18         float points[MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS][3];
19         //unsigned char splitflags[MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS];
20         int facesplitflag;
21         int numpoints;
22 }
23 svbsp_polygon_t;
24
25 static void SVBSP_PlaneFromPoints(float *plane4f, const float *p1, const float *p2, const float *p3)
26 {
27         float ilength;
28         // calculate unnormalized plane
29         plane4f[0] = (p1[1] - p2[1]) * (p3[2] - p2[2]) - (p1[2] - p2[2]) * (p3[1] - p2[1]);
30         plane4f[1] = (p1[2] - p2[2]) * (p3[0] - p2[0]) - (p1[0] - p2[0]) * (p3[2] - p2[2]);
31         plane4f[2] = (p1[0] - p2[0]) * (p3[1] - p2[1]) - (p1[1] - p2[1]) * (p3[0] - p2[0]);
32         plane4f[3] = SVBSP_DotProduct(plane4f, p1);
33         // normalize the plane normal and adjust distance accordingly
34         ilength = (float)sqrt(SVBSP_DotProduct(plane4f, plane4f));
35         if (ilength)
36                 ilength = 1.0f / ilength;
37         plane4f[0] *= ilength;
38         plane4f[1] *= ilength;
39         plane4f[2] *= ilength;
40         plane4f[3] *= ilength;
41 }
42
43 static void SVBSP_DividePolygon(const svbsp_polygon_t *poly, const float *plane, svbsp_polygon_t *front, svbsp_polygon_t *back, const float *dists, const int *sides)
44 {
45         int i, j, count = poly->numpoints, frontcount = 0, backcount = 0;
46         float frac, ifrac, c[3], pdist, ndist;
47         const float *nextpoint;
48         const float *points = poly->points[0];
49         float *outfront = front->points[0];
50         float *outback = back->points[0];
51         for(i = 0;i < count;i++, points += 3)
52         {
53                 j = i + 1;
54                 if (j >= count)
55                         j = 0;
56                 if (!(sides[i] & 2))
57                 {
58                         outfront[frontcount*3+0] = points[0];
59                         outfront[frontcount*3+1] = points[1];
60                         outfront[frontcount*3+2] = points[2];
61                         frontcount++;
62                 }
63                 if (!(sides[i] & 1))
64                 {
65                         outback[backcount*3+0] = points[0];
66                         outback[backcount*3+1] = points[1];
67                         outback[backcount*3+2] = points[2];
68                         backcount++;
69                 }
70                 if ((sides[i] | sides[j]) == 3)
71                 {
72                         // don't allow splits if remaining points would overflow point buffer
73                         if (frontcount + (count - i) > MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS - 1)
74                                 continue;
75                         if (backcount + (count - i) > MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS - 1)
76                                 continue;
77                         nextpoint = poly->points[j];
78                         pdist = dists[i];
79                         ndist = dists[j];
80                         frac = pdist / (pdist - ndist);
81                         ifrac = 1.0f - frac;
82                         c[0] = points[0] * ifrac + frac * nextpoint[0];
83                         c[1] = points[1] * ifrac + frac * nextpoint[1];
84                         c[2] = points[2] * ifrac + frac * nextpoint[2];
85                         outfront[frontcount*3+0] = c[0];
86                         outfront[frontcount*3+1] = c[1];
87                         outfront[frontcount*3+2] = c[2];
88                         frontcount++;
89                         outback[backcount*3+0] = c[0];
90                         outback[backcount*3+1] = c[1];
91                         outback[backcount*3+2] = c[2];
92                         backcount++;
93                 }
94         }
95         front->numpoints = frontcount;
96         back->numpoints = backcount;
97 }
98
99 void SVBSP_Init(svbsp_t *b, const float *origin, int maxnodes, svbsp_node_t *nodes)
100 {
101         memset(b, 0, sizeof(*b));
102         b->origin[0] = origin[0];
103         b->origin[1] = origin[1];
104         b->origin[2] = origin[2];
105         b->numnodes = 3;
106         b->maxnodes = maxnodes;
107         b->nodes = nodes;
108         b->ranoutofnodes = 0;
109         b->stat_occluders_rejected = 0;
110         b->stat_occluders_accepted = 0;
111         b->stat_occluders_fragments_accepted = 0;
112         b->stat_occluders_fragments_rejected = 0;
113         b->stat_queries_rejected = 0;
114         b->stat_queries_accepted = 0;
115         b->stat_queries_fragments_accepted = 0;
116         b->stat_queries_fragments_rejected = 0;
117
118         // the bsp tree must be initialized to have two perpendicular splits axes
119         // through origin, otherwise the polygon insertions would affect the
120         // opposite side of the tree, which would be disasterous.
121         //
122         // so this code has to make 3 nodes and 4 leafs, and since the leafs are
123         // represented by empty/solid state numbers in this system rather than
124         // actual structs, we only need to make the 3 nodes.
125
126         // root node
127         // this one splits the world into +X and -X sides
128         b->nodes[0].plane[0] = 1;
129         b->nodes[0].plane[1] = 0;
130         b->nodes[0].plane[2] = 0;
131         b->nodes[0].plane[3] = origin[0];
132         b->nodes[0].parent = -1;
133         b->nodes[0].children[0] = 1;
134         b->nodes[0].children[1] = 2;
135
136         // +X side node
137         // this one splits the +X half of the world into +Y and -Y
138         b->nodes[1].plane[0] = 0;
139         b->nodes[1].plane[1] = 1;
140         b->nodes[1].plane[2] = 0;
141         b->nodes[1].plane[3] = origin[1];
142         b->nodes[1].parent = 0;
143         b->nodes[1].children[0] = -1;
144         b->nodes[1].children[1] = -1;
145
146         // -X side node
147         // this one splits the -X half of the world into +Y and -Y
148         b->nodes[2].plane[0] = 0;
149         b->nodes[2].plane[1] = 1;
150         b->nodes[2].plane[2] = 0;
151         b->nodes[2].plane[3] = origin[1];
152         b->nodes[2].parent = 0;
153         b->nodes[2].children[0] = -1;
154         b->nodes[2].children[1] = -1;
155 }
156
157 static void SVBSP_InsertOccluderPolygonNodes(svbsp_t *b, int *parentnodenumpointer, int parentnodenum, const svbsp_polygon_t *poly, void (*fragmentcallback)(void *fragmentcallback_pointer1, int fragmentcallback_number1, svbsp_t *b, int numpoints, const float *points), void *fragmentcallback_pointer1, int fragmentcallback_number1)
158 {
159         // now we need to create up to numpoints + 1 new nodes, forming a BSP tree
160         // describing the occluder polygon's shadow volume
161         int i, j, p;
162         svbsp_node_t *node;
163
164         // points and lines are valid testers but not occluders
165         if (poly->numpoints < 3)
166                 return;
167
168         // if there aren't enough nodes remaining, skip it
169         if (b->numnodes + poly->numpoints + 1 >= b->maxnodes)
170         {
171                 b->ranoutofnodes = 1;
172                 return;
173         }
174
175         // add one node per side, then the actual occluding face node
176
177         // thread safety notes:
178         // DO NOT multithread insertion, it could be made 'safe' but the results
179         // would be inconsistent.
180         //
181         // it is completely safe to multithread queries in all cases.
182         //
183         // if an insertion is occurring the query will give intermediate results,
184         // being blocked by some volumes but not others, which is perfectly okay
185         // for visibility culling intended only to reduce rendering work
186
187         // note down the first available nodenum for the *parentnodenumpointer
188         // line which is done last to allow multithreaded queries during an
189         // insertion
190         for (i = 0, p = poly->numpoints - 1;i < poly->numpoints;p = i, i++)
191         {
192 #if 1
193                 // see if a parent plane describes this side
194                 for (j = parentnodenum;j >= 0;j = b->nodes[j].parent)
195                 {
196                         float *parentnodeplane = b->nodes[j].plane;
197                         if (fabs(SVBSP_DotProduct(poly->points[p], parentnodeplane) - parentnodeplane[3]) < SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON
198                          && fabs(SVBSP_DotProduct(poly->points[i], parentnodeplane) - parentnodeplane[3]) < SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON
199                          && fabs(SVBSP_DotProduct(b->origin      , parentnodeplane) - parentnodeplane[3]) < SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON)
200                                 break;
201                 }
202                 if (j >= 0)
203                         continue; // already have a matching parent plane
204 #endif
205 #if 0
206                 // skip any sides that were classified as belonging to a parent plane
207                 if (poly->splitflags[i])
208                         continue;
209 #endif
210                 // create a side plane
211                 // anything infront of this is not inside the shadow volume
212                 node = b->nodes + b->numnodes++;
213                 SVBSP_PlaneFromPoints(node->plane, b->origin, poly->points[p], poly->points[i]);
214                 // we need to flip the plane if it puts any part of the polygon on the
215                 // wrong side
216                 // (in this way this code treats all polygons as float sided)
217                 //
218                 // because speed is important this stops as soon as it finds proof
219                 // that the orientation is right or wrong
220                 // (we know that the plane is on one edge of the polygon, so there is
221                 // never a case where points lie on both sides, so the first hint is
222                 // sufficient)
223                 for (j = 0;j < poly->numpoints;j++)
224                 {
225                         float d = SVBSP_DotProduct(poly->points[j], node->plane) - node->plane[3];
226                         if (d < -SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON)
227                                 break;
228                         if (d > SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON)
229                         {
230                                 node->plane[0] *= -1;
231                                 node->plane[1] *= -1;
232                                 node->plane[2] *= -1;
233                                 node->plane[3] *= -1;
234                                 break;
235                         }
236                 }
237                 node->parent = parentnodenum;
238                 node->children[0] = -1; // empty
239                 node->children[1] = -1; // empty
240                 // link this child into the tree
241                 *parentnodenumpointer = parentnodenum = (int)(node - b->nodes);
242                 // now point to the child pointer for the next node to update later
243                 parentnodenumpointer = &node->children[1];
244         }
245
246 #if 1
247         // skip the face plane if it lies on a parent plane
248         if (!poly->facesplitflag)
249 #endif
250         {
251                 // add the face-plane node
252                 // infront is empty, behind is shadow
253                 node = b->nodes + b->numnodes++;
254                 SVBSP_PlaneFromPoints(node->plane, poly->points[0], poly->points[1], poly->points[2]);
255                 // this is a flip check similar to the one above
256                 // this one checks if the plane faces the origin, if not, flip it
257                 if (SVBSP_DotProduct(b->origin, node->plane) - node->plane[3] < -SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON)
258                 {
259                         node->plane[0] *= -1;
260                         node->plane[1] *= -1;
261                         node->plane[2] *= -1;
262                         node->plane[3] *= -1;
263                 }
264                 node->parent = parentnodenum;
265                 node->children[0] = -1; // empty
266                 node->children[1] = -2; // shadow
267                 // link this child into the tree
268                 // (with the addition of this node, queries will now be culled by it)
269                 *parentnodenumpointer = (int)(node - b->nodes);
270         }
271 }
272
273 static int SVBSP_AddPolygonNode(svbsp_t *b, int *parentnodenumpointer, int parentnodenum, const svbsp_polygon_t *poly, int insertoccluder, void (*fragmentcallback)(void *fragmentcallback_pointer1, int fragmentcallback_number1, svbsp_t *b, int numpoints, const float *points), void *fragmentcallback_pointer1, int fragmentcallback_number1)
274 {
275         int i;
276         int s;
277         int facesplitflag = poly->facesplitflag;
278         int bothsides;
279         float plane[4];
280         float d;
281         svbsp_polygon_t front;
282         svbsp_polygon_t back;
283         svbsp_node_t *node;
284         int sides[MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS];
285         float dists[MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS];
286         if (poly->numpoints < 1)
287                 return 0;
288         // recurse through plane nodes
289         while (*parentnodenumpointer >= 0)
290         {
291                 // get node info
292                 parentnodenum = *parentnodenumpointer;
293                 node = b->nodes + parentnodenum;
294                 plane[0] = node->plane[0];
295                 plane[1] = node->plane[1];
296                 plane[2] = node->plane[2];
297                 plane[3] = node->plane[3];
298                 // calculate point dists for clipping
299                 bothsides = 0;
300                 for (i = 0;i < poly->numpoints;i++)
301                 {
302                         d = SVBSP_DotProduct(poly->points[i], plane) - plane[3];
303                         s = 0;
304                         if (d > SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON)
305                                 s = 1;
306                         if (d < -SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON)
307                                 s = 2;
308                         bothsides |= s;
309                         dists[i] = d;
310                         sides[i] = s;
311                 }
312                 // see which side the polygon is on
313                 switch(bothsides)
314                 {
315                 default:
316                 case 0:
317                         // no need to split, this polygon is on the plane
318                         // this case only occurs for polygons on the face plane, usually
319                         // the same polygon (inserted twice - once as occluder, once as
320                         // tester)
321                         // if this is an occluder, it is redundant
322                         if (insertoccluder)
323                                 return 1; // occluded
324                         // if this is a tester, test the front side, because it is
325                         // probably the same polygon that created this node...
326                         facesplitflag = 1;
327                         parentnodenumpointer = &node->children[0];
328                         continue;
329                 case 1:
330                         // no need to split, just go to one side
331                         parentnodenumpointer = &node->children[0];
332                         continue;
333                 case 2:
334                         // no need to split, just go to one side
335                         parentnodenumpointer = &node->children[1];
336                         continue;
337                 case 3:
338                         // lies on both sides of the plane, we need to split it
339 #if 1
340                         SVBSP_DividePolygon(poly, plane, &front, &back, dists, sides);
341 #else
342                         PolygonF_Divide(poly->numpoints, poly->points[0], plane[0], plane[1], plane[2], plane[3], SVBSP_CLIP_EPSILON, MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS, front.points[0], &front.numpoints, MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS, back.points[0], &back.numpoints, NULL);
343                         if (front.numpoints > MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS)
344                                 front.numpoints = MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS;
345                         if (back.numpoints > MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS)
346                                 back.numpoints = MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS;
347 #endif
348                         front.facesplitflag = facesplitflag;
349                         back.facesplitflag = facesplitflag;
350                         // recurse the sides and return the resulting occlusion flags
351                         i  = SVBSP_AddPolygonNode(b, &node->children[0], *parentnodenumpointer, &front, insertoccluder, fragmentcallback, fragmentcallback_pointer1, fragmentcallback_number1);
352                         i |= SVBSP_AddPolygonNode(b, &node->children[1], *parentnodenumpointer, &back , insertoccluder, fragmentcallback, fragmentcallback_pointer1, fragmentcallback_number1);
353                         return i;
354                 }
355         }
356         // leaf node
357         if (*parentnodenumpointer == -1)
358         {
359                 // empty leaf node; and some geometry survived
360                 // if inserting an occluder, replace this empty leaf with a shadow volume
361 #if 0
362                 for (i = 0;i < poly->numpoints-2;i++)
363                 {
364                         Debug_PolygonBegin(NULL, DRAWFLAG_ADDITIVE);
365                         Debug_PolygonVertex(poly->points[  0][0], poly->points[  0][1], poly->points[  0][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
366                         Debug_PolygonVertex(poly->points[i+1][0], poly->points[i+1][1], poly->points[i+1][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
367                         Debug_PolygonVertex(poly->points[i+2][0], poly->points[i+2][1], poly->points[i+2][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
368                         Debug_PolygonEnd();
369                 }
370 #endif
371                 if (insertoccluder)
372                 {
373                         b->stat_occluders_fragments_accepted++;
374                         SVBSP_InsertOccluderPolygonNodes(b, parentnodenumpointer, parentnodenum, poly, fragmentcallback, fragmentcallback_pointer1, fragmentcallback_number1);
375                 }
376                 else
377                         b->stat_queries_fragments_accepted++;
378                 if (fragmentcallback)
379                         fragmentcallback(fragmentcallback_pointer1, fragmentcallback_number1, b, poly->numpoints, poly->points[0]);
380                 return 2;
381         }
382         else
383         {
384                 // otherwise it's a solid leaf which destroys all polygons inside it
385                 if (insertoccluder)
386                         b->stat_occluders_fragments_rejected++;
387                 else
388                         b->stat_queries_fragments_rejected++;
389 #if 0
390                 for (i = 0;i < poly->numpoints-2;i++)
391                 {
392                         Debug_PolygonBegin(NULL, DRAWFLAG_ADDITIVE);
393                         Debug_PolygonVertex(poly->points[  0][0], poly->points[  0][1], poly->points[  0][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 1.0f);
394                         Debug_PolygonVertex(poly->points[i+1][0], poly->points[i+1][1], poly->points[i+1][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 1.0f);
395                         Debug_PolygonVertex(poly->points[i+2][0], poly->points[i+2][1], poly->points[i+2][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 1.0f);
396                         Debug_PolygonEnd();
397                 }
398 #endif
399         }
400         return 1;
401 }
402
403 int SVBSP_AddPolygon(svbsp_t *b, int numpoints, const float *points, int insertoccluder, void (*fragmentcallback)(void *fragmentcallback_pointer1, int fragmentcallback_number1, svbsp_t *b, int numpoints, const float *points), void *fragmentcallback_pointer1, int fragmentcallback_number1)
404 {
405         int i;
406         int nodenum;
407         svbsp_polygon_t poly;
408         // don't even consider an empty polygon
409         // note we still allow points and lines to be tested...
410         if (numpoints < 1)
411                 return 0;
412         // if the polygon has too many points, we would crash
413         if (numpoints > MAX_SVBSP_POLYGONPOINTS)
414                 return 0;
415         poly.numpoints = numpoints;
416         for (i = 0;i < numpoints;i++)
417         {
418                 poly.points[i][0] = points[i*3+0];
419                 poly.points[i][1] = points[i*3+1];
420                 poly.points[i][2] = points[i*3+2];
421                 //poly.splitflags[i] = 0; // this edge is a valid BSP splitter - clipped edges are not (because they lie on a bsp plane)
422                 poly.facesplitflag = 0; // this face is a valid BSP Splitter - if it lies on a bsp plane it is not
423         }
424 #if 0
425 //if (insertoccluder)
426         for (i = 0;i < poly.numpoints-2;i++)
427         {
428                 Debug_PolygonBegin(NULL, DRAWFLAG_ADDITIVE);
429                 Debug_PolygonVertex(poly.points[  0][0], poly.points[  0][1], poly.points[  0][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
430                 Debug_PolygonVertex(poly.points[i+1][0], poly.points[i+1][1], poly.points[i+1][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
431                 Debug_PolygonVertex(poly.points[i+2][0], poly.points[i+2][1], poly.points[i+2][2], 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
432                 Debug_PolygonEnd();
433         }
434 #endif
435         nodenum = 0;
436         i = SVBSP_AddPolygonNode(b, &nodenum, -1, &poly, insertoccluder, fragmentcallback, fragmentcallback_pointer1, fragmentcallback_number1);
437         if (insertoccluder)
438         {
439                 if (i & 2)
440                         b->stat_occluders_accepted++;
441                 else
442                         b->stat_occluders_rejected++;
443         }
444         else
445         {
446                 if (i & 2)
447                         b->stat_queries_accepted++;
448                 else
449                         b->stat_queries_rejected++;
450         }
451         return i;
452 }
453