]> git.xonotic.org Git - xonotic/gmqcc.git/blobdiff - parser.cpp
fix for loops
[xonotic/gmqcc.git] / parser.cpp
index eea0863b907114a2ad291b1b4d1694cb935e166f..72f5479095c3b4a4ae3dacdf7a48fcdafbdc5b4e 100644 (file)
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
+#include "intrin.h"
+#include "fold.h"
+#include "ast.h"
 #include "parser.h"
 
 #define PARSER_HT_LOCALS  2
@@ -99,8 +102,8 @@ static ast_expression* parser_find_param(parser_t *parser, const char *name)
     ast_value *fun;
     if (!parser->function)
         return nullptr;
-    fun = parser->function->vtype;
-    for (auto &it : fun->expression.params) {
+    fun = parser->function->function_type;
+    for (auto &it : fun->type_params) {
         if (!strcmp(it->name, name))
             return (ast_expression*)it;
     }
@@ -430,7 +433,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
             out = exprs[0];
             break;
         case opid2('-','P'):
-            if ((out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs)))
+            if ((out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs)))
                 break;
 
             if (exprs[0]->vtype != TYPE_FLOAT &&
@@ -446,7 +449,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
             break;
 
         case opid2('!','P'):
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 switch (exprs[0]->vtype) {
                     case TYPE_FLOAT:
                         out = (ast_expression*)ast_unary_new(ctx, INSTR_NOT_F, exprs[0]);
@@ -484,13 +487,13 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                               type_name[exprs[1]->vtype]);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 switch (exprs[0]->vtype) {
                     case TYPE_FLOAT:
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_ADD_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_ADD_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         break;
                     case TYPE_VECTOR:
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_ADD_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_ADD_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         break;
                     default:
                         compile_error(ctx, "invalid types used in expression: cannot add type %s and %s",
@@ -509,13 +512,13 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                               type_name[exprs[0]->vtype]);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 switch (exprs[0]->vtype) {
                     case TYPE_FLOAT:
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         break;
                     case TYPE_VECTOR:
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         break;
                     default:
                         compile_error(ctx, "invalid types used in expression: cannot subtract type %s from %s",
@@ -538,19 +541,19 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                               type_name[exprs[0]->vtype]);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 switch (exprs[0]->vtype) {
                     case TYPE_FLOAT:
                         if (exprs[1]->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
-                            out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_FV, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                            out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_FV, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         else
-                            out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                            out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         break;
                     case TYPE_VECTOR:
                         if (exprs[1]->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
-                            out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_VF, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                            out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_VF, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         else
-                            out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                            out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_MUL_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                         break;
                     default:
                         compile_error(ctx, "invalid types used in expression: cannot multiply types %s and %s",
@@ -568,9 +571,9 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 compile_error(ctx, "invalid types used in expression: cannot divide types %s and %s", ty1, ty2);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 if (exprs[0]->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
-                    out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_DIV_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                    out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_DIV_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                 else {
                     ast_type_to_string(exprs[0], ty1, sizeof(ty1));
                     ast_type_to_string(exprs[1], ty2, sizeof(ty2));
@@ -586,7 +589,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                     type_name[exprs[0]->vtype],
                     type_name[exprs[1]->vtype]);
                 return false;
-            } else if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            } else if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 /* generate a call to __builtin_mod */
                 ast_expression *mod  = parser->m_intrin.func("mod");
                 ast_call       *call = nullptr;
@@ -617,13 +620,13 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 /*
                  * IF the first expression is float, the following will be too
                  * since scalar ^ vector is not allowed.
                  */
                 if (exprs[0]->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT) {
-                    out = fold_binary(ctx,
+                    out = fold::binary(ctx,
                         (op->id == opid1('^') ? VINSTR_BITXOR : op->id == opid1('|') ? INSTR_BITOR : INSTR_BITAND),
                         exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                 } else {
@@ -636,11 +639,11 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                          * Bitop all the values of the vector components against the
                          * vectors components in question.
                          */
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx,
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx,
                             (op->id == opid1('^') ? VINSTR_BITXOR_V : op->id == opid1('|') ? VINSTR_BITOR_V : VINSTR_BITAND_V),
                             exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                     } else {
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx,
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx,
                             (op->id == opid1('^') ? VINSTR_BITXOR_VF : op->id == opid1('|') ? VINSTR_BITOR_VF : VINSTR_BITAND_VF),
                             exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                     }
@@ -657,9 +660,9 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 ast_expression *shift = parser->m_intrin.func((op->id == opid2('<','<')) ? "__builtin_lshift" : "__builtin_rshift");
-                ast_call       *call  = ast_call_new(parser_ctx(parser), shift);
+                ast_call *call  = ast_call_new(parser_ctx(parser), shift);
                 call->params.push_back(exprs[0]);
                 call->params.push_back(exprs[1]);
                 out = (ast_expression*)call;
@@ -675,9 +678,9 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if(!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if(!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 ast_expression *shift = parser->m_intrin.func((op->id == opid3('<','<','=')) ? "__builtin_lshift" : "__builtin_rshift");
-                ast_call       *call  = ast_call_new(parser_ctx(parser), shift);
+                ast_call *call  = ast_call_new(parser_ctx(parser), shift);
                 call->params.push_back(exprs[0]);
                 call->params.push_back(exprs[1]);
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
@@ -694,7 +697,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
             generated_op += 1; /* INSTR_OR */
         case opid2('&','&'):
             generated_op += INSTR_AND;
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 if (OPTS_FLAG(PERL_LOGIC) && !ast_compare_type(exprs[0], exprs[1])) {
                     ast_type_to_string(exprs[0], ty1, sizeof(ty1));
                     ast_type_to_string(exprs[1], ty2, sizeof(ty2));
@@ -725,7 +728,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                out = fold_binary(ctx, generated_op, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                out = fold::binary(ctx, generated_op, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
             }
             break;
 
@@ -741,7 +744,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 compile_error(ctx, "operands of ternary expression must have the same type, got %s and %s", ty1, ty2);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs)))
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs)))
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(ctx, exprs[0], exprs[1], exprs[2]);
             break;
 
@@ -754,7 +757,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 ast_call *gencall = ast_call_new(parser_ctx(parser), parser->m_intrin.func("pow"));
                 gencall->params.push_back(exprs[0]);
                 gencall->params.push_back(exprs[1]);
@@ -771,12 +774,12 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
-                out = fold_binary(
-                        parser_ctx(parser),
-                        VINSTR_CROSS,
-                        exprs[0],
-                        exprs[1]
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
+                out = fold::binary(
+                    parser_ctx(parser),
+                    VINSTR_CROSS,
+                    exprs[0],
+                    exprs[1]
                 );
             }
 
@@ -792,7 +795,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 /* This whole block is NOT fold_binary safe */
                 ast_binary *eq = ast_binary_new(ctx, INSTR_EQ_F, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
 
@@ -802,15 +805,15 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(ctx,
                         (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(ctx, INSTR_LT, exprs[0], exprs[1]),
                         /* out = -1 */
-                        (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[2],
+                        (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(2),
                     /* } else { */
                         /* if (eq) { */
                         (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)eq,
                             /* out = 0 */
-                            (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[0],
+                            (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(0),
                         /* } else { */
                             /* out = 1 */
-                            (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1]
+                            (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1)
                         /* } */
                         )
                     /* } */
@@ -833,8 +836,8 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                               type_name[exprs[1]->vtype]);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs)))
-                out = fold_binary(ctx, generated_op, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs)))
+                out = fold::binary(ctx, generated_op, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
             break;
         case opid2('!', '='):
             if (exprs[0]->vtype != exprs[1]->vtype) {
@@ -843,8 +846,8 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                               type_name[exprs[1]->vtype]);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs)))
-                out = fold_binary(ctx, type_ne_instr[exprs[0]->vtype], exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs)))
+                out = fold::binary(ctx, type_ne_instr[exprs[0]->vtype], exprs[0], exprs[1]);
             break;
         case opid2('=', '='):
             if (exprs[0]->vtype != exprs[1]->vtype) {
@@ -853,8 +856,8 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                               type_name[exprs[1]->vtype]);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs)))
-                out = fold_binary(ctx, type_eq_instr[exprs[0]->vtype], exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs)))
+                out = fold::binary(ctx, type_eq_instr[exprs[0]->vtype], exprs[0], exprs[1]);
             break;
 
         case opid1('='):
@@ -937,11 +940,11 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
             if (ast_istype(exprs[0], ast_entfield)) {
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(ctx, INSTR_STOREP_F, addop,
                                                         exprs[0],
-                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1]);
+                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1));
             } else {
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(ctx, INSTR_STORE_F, addop,
                                                         exprs[0],
-                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1]);
+                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1));
             }
             break;
         case opid3('S','+','+'):
@@ -963,17 +966,17 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
             if (ast_istype(exprs[0], ast_entfield)) {
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(ctx, INSTR_STOREP_F, addop,
                                                         exprs[0],
-                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1]);
+                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1));
             } else {
                 out = (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(ctx, INSTR_STORE_F, addop,
                                                         exprs[0],
-                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1]);
+                                                        (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1));
             }
             if (!out)
                 return false;
-            out = fold_binary(ctx, subop,
+            out = fold::binary(ctx, subop,
                               out,
-                              (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1]);
+                              (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1));
 
             break;
         case opid2('+','='):
@@ -1038,8 +1041,8 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                         out = (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(ctx, assignop, INSTR_MUL_VF,
                                                                 exprs[0], exprs[1]);
                     } else {
-                        out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_DIV_F,
-                                         (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[1],
+                        out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_DIV_F,
+                                         (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(1),
                                          exprs[1]);
                         if (!out) {
                             compile_error(ctx, "internal error: failed to generate division");
@@ -1097,9 +1100,9 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
             else
                 assignop = type_store_instr[exprs[0]->vtype];
             if (exprs[0]->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
-                out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_BITAND, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_BITAND, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
             else
-                out = fold_binary(ctx, VINSTR_BITAND_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
+                out = fold::binary(ctx, VINSTR_BITAND_V, exprs[0], exprs[1]);
             if (!out)
                 return false;
             (void)check_write_to(ctx, exprs[0]);
@@ -1124,7 +1127,7 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 compile_error(ast_ctx(exprs[0]), "operand of length operator not a valid constant expression");
                 return false;
             }
-            out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs);
+            out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs);
             break;
 
         case opid2('~', 'P'):
@@ -1133,11 +1136,11 @@ static bool parser_sy_apply_operator(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                 compile_error(ast_ctx(exprs[0]), "invalid type for bit not: %s", ty1);
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!(out = fold_op(parser->fold, op, exprs))) {
+            if (!(out = parser->m_fold.op(op, exprs))) {
                 if (exprs[0]->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT) {
-                    out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_F, (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_float[2], exprs[0]);
+                    out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_F, (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_float(2), exprs[0]);
                 } else {
-                    out = fold_binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_V, (ast_expression*)parser->fold->imm_vector[1], exprs[0]);
+                    out = fold::binary(ctx, INSTR_SUB_V, (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.imm_vector(1), exprs[0]);
                 }
             }
             break;
@@ -1198,7 +1201,7 @@ static bool parser_close_call(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
         ast_type_to_string(sy->out.back().out, ty, sizeof(ty));
         ast_unref(sy->out.back().out);
         sy->out[fid] = syexp(ast_ctx(sy->out.back().out),
-                             (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_string(parser->fold, ty, false));
+                             (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_string(ty, false));
         sy->out.pop_back();
         return true;
     }
@@ -1233,7 +1236,7 @@ static bool parser_close_call(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
         for (i = 0; i < paramcount; i++)
             vec_push(exprs, sy->out[fid+1 + i].out);
 
-        if (!(foldval = parser->m_intrin.fold((ast_value*)fun, exprs))) {
+        if (!(foldval = parser->m_intrin.do_fold((ast_value*)fun, exprs))) {
             vec_free(exprs);
             goto fold_leave;
         }
@@ -1242,7 +1245,7 @@ static bool parser_close_call(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
          * Blub: what sorts of unreffing and resizing of
          * sy->out should I be doing here?
          */
-        sy->out[fid] = syexp(foldval->node.context, foldval);
+        sy->out[fid] = syexp(foldval->context, foldval);
         sy->out.erase(sy->out.end() - paramcount, sy->out.end());
         vec_free(exprs);
 
@@ -1266,7 +1269,7 @@ static bool parser_close_call(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
     for (i = 0; i < paramcount; ++i)
         call->params.push_back(sy->out[fid+1 + i].out);
     sy->out.erase(sy->out.end() - paramcount, sy->out.end());
-    (void)!ast_call_check_types(call, parser->function->vtype->expression.varparam);
+    (void)!ast_call_check_types(call, parser->function->function_type->varparam);
     if (parser->max_param_count < paramcount)
         parser->max_param_count = paramcount;
 
@@ -1275,12 +1278,12 @@ static bool parser_close_call(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
         if ((fun->flags & AST_FLAG_VARIADIC) &&
             !(/*funval->cvq == CV_CONST && */ funval->hasvalue && funval->constval.vfunc->builtin))
         {
-            call->va_count = (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, (qcfloat_t)paramcount, false);
+            call->va_count = (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float((qcfloat_t)paramcount, false);
         }
     }
 
     /* overwrite fid, the function, with a call */
-    sy->out[fid] = syexp(call->expression.node.context, (ast_expression*)call);
+    sy->out[fid] = syexp(call->context, (ast_expression*)call);
 
     if (fun->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
         parseerror(parser, "not a function (%s)", type_name[fun->vtype]);
@@ -1313,22 +1316,22 @@ static bool parser_close_call(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy)
                     ast_ctx(fun).line);
         }
 
-        if (fun->params.size() != paramcount &&
+        if (fun->type_params.size() != paramcount &&
             !((fun->flags & AST_FLAG_VARIADIC) &&
-              fun->params.size() < paramcount))
+              fun->type_params.size() < paramcount))
         {
-            const char *fewmany = (fun->params.size() > paramcount) ? "few" : "many";
+            const char *fewmany = (fun->type_params.size() > paramcount) ? "few" : "many";
             if (fval)
                 return !parsewarning(parser, WARN_INVALID_PARAMETER_COUNT,
                                      "too %s parameters for call to %s: expected %i, got %i\n"
                                      " -> `%s` has been declared here: %s:%i",
-                                     fewmany, fval->name, (int)fun->params.size(), (int)paramcount,
+                                     fewmany, fval->name, (int)fun->type_params.size(), (int)paramcount,
                                      fval->name, ast_ctx(fun).file, (int)ast_ctx(fun).line);
             else
                 return !parsewarning(parser, WARN_INVALID_PARAMETER_COUNT,
                                      "too %s parameters for function call: expected %i, got %i\n"
                                      " -> it has been declared here: %s:%i",
-                                     fewmany, (int)fun->params.size(), (int)paramcount,
+                                     fewmany, (int)fun->type_params.size(), (int)paramcount,
                                      ast_ctx(fun).file, (int)ast_ctx(fun).line);
         }
     }
@@ -1402,7 +1405,7 @@ static ast_expression* parse_vararg_do(parser_t *parser)
 {
     ast_expression *idx, *out;
     ast_value      *typevar;
-    ast_value      *funtype = parser->function->vtype;
+    ast_value      *funtype = parser->function->function_type;
     lex_ctx_t         ctx     = parser_ctx(parser);
 
     if (!parser->function->varargs) {
@@ -1453,13 +1456,13 @@ static ast_expression* parse_vararg_do(parser_t *parser)
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    if (funtype->expression.varparam &&
-        !ast_compare_type((ast_expression*)typevar, (ast_expression*)funtype->expression.varparam))
+    if (funtype->varparam &&
+        !ast_compare_type((ast_expression*)typevar, (ast_expression*)funtype->varparam))
     {
         char ty1[1024];
         char ty2[1024];
         ast_type_to_string((ast_expression*)typevar, ty1, sizeof(ty1));
-        ast_type_to_string((ast_expression*)funtype->expression.varparam, ty2, sizeof(ty2));
+        ast_type_to_string((ast_expression*)funtype->varparam, ty2, sizeof(ty2));
         compile_error(ast_ctx(typevar),
                       "function was declared to take varargs of type `%s`, requested type is: %s",
                       ty2, ty1);
@@ -1505,7 +1508,7 @@ static bool parse_sya_operand(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy, bool with_labels)
             parseerror(parser, "expected a constant string in translatable-string extension");
             return false;
         }
-        val = (ast_value*)fold_constgen_string(parser->fold, parser_tokval(parser), true);
+        val = (ast_value*)parser->m_fold.constgen_string(parser_tokval(parser), true);
         if (!val)
             return false;
         sy->out.push_back(syexp(parser_ctx(parser), (ast_expression*)val));
@@ -1530,28 +1533,28 @@ static bool parse_sya_operand(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy, bool with_labels)
         return true;
     }
     else if (parser->tok == TOKEN_FLOATCONST) {
-        ast_expression *val = fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, (parser_token(parser)->constval.f), false);
+        ast_expression *val = parser->m_fold.constgen_float((parser_token(parser)->constval.f), false);
         if (!val)
             return false;
         sy->out.push_back(syexp(parser_ctx(parser), val));
         return true;
     }
     else if (parser->tok == TOKEN_INTCONST || parser->tok == TOKEN_CHARCONST) {
-        ast_expression *val = fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, (qcfloat_t)(parser_token(parser)->constval.i), false);
+        ast_expression *val = parser->m_fold.constgen_float((qcfloat_t)(parser_token(parser)->constval.i), false);
         if (!val)
             return false;
         sy->out.push_back(syexp(parser_ctx(parser), val));
         return true;
     }
     else if (parser->tok == TOKEN_STRINGCONST) {
-        ast_expression *val = fold_constgen_string(parser->fold, parser_tokval(parser), false);
+        ast_expression *val = parser->m_fold.constgen_string(parser_tokval(parser), false);
         if (!val)
             return false;
         sy->out.push_back(syexp(parser_ctx(parser), val));
         return true;
     }
     else if (parser->tok == TOKEN_VECTORCONST) {
-        ast_expression *val = fold_constgen_vector(parser->fold, parser_token(parser)->constval.v);
+        ast_expression *val = parser->m_fold.constgen_vector(parser_token(parser)->constval.v);
         if (!val)
             return false;
         sy->out.push_back(syexp(parser_ctx(parser), val));
@@ -1587,7 +1590,7 @@ static bool parse_sya_operand(parser_t *parser, shunt *sy, bool with_labels)
             }
         }
         if (!var && !strcmp(parser_tokval(parser), "__FUNC__"))
-            var = (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_string(parser->fold, parser->function->name, false);
+            var = (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_string(parser->function->name, false);
         if (!var) {
             /*
              * now we try for the real intrinsic hashtable. If the string
@@ -1887,11 +1890,11 @@ static ast_expression* parse_expression_leave(parser_t *parser, bool stopatcomma
                 if (ast_istype(lexpr, ast_value)) {
                     ast_value *last = (ast_value*)lexpr;
                     if (last->isimm == true && last->cvq == CV_CONST &&
-                        last->hasvalue && last->expression.vtype == TYPE_STRING)
+                        last->hasvalue && last->vtype == TYPE_STRING)
                     {
                         char *newstr = nullptr;
                         util_asprintf(&newstr, "%s%s", last->constval.vstring, parser_tokval(parser));
-                        sy.out.back().out = (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_string(parser->fold, newstr, false);
+                        sy.out.back().out = (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_string(newstr, false);
                         mem_d(newstr);
                         concatenated = true;
                     }
@@ -2477,18 +2480,20 @@ static bool parse_for_go(parser_t *parser, ast_block *block, ast_expression **ou
         initexpr = parse_expression_leave(parser, false, false, false);
         if (!initexpr)
             goto onerr;
-
         /* move on to condition */
         if (parser->tok != ';') {
             parseerror(parser, "expected semicolon after for-loop initializer");
             goto onerr;
         }
-
         if (!parser_next(parser)) {
             parseerror(parser, "expected for-loop condition");
             goto onerr;
         }
     }
+    else if (!parser_next(parser)) {
+        parseerror(parser, "expected for-loop condition");
+        goto onerr;
+    }
 
     /* parse the condition */
     if (parser->tok != ';') {
@@ -2559,7 +2564,7 @@ static bool parse_return(parser_t *parser, ast_block *block, ast_expression **ou
     ast_expression *var      = nullptr;
     ast_return     *ret      = nullptr;
     ast_value      *retval   = parser->function->return_value;
-    ast_value      *expected = parser->function->vtype;
+    ast_value      *expected = parser->function->function_type;
 
     lex_ctx_t ctx = parser_ctx(parser);
 
@@ -2577,9 +2582,9 @@ static bool parse_return(parser_t *parser, ast_block *block, ast_expression **ou
             return false;
         }
 
-        if (type_store_instr[expected->expression.next->vtype] == VINSTR_END) {
+        if (type_store_instr[expected->next->vtype] == VINSTR_END) {
             char ty1[1024];
-            ast_type_to_string(expected->expression.next, ty1, sizeof(ty1));
+            ast_type_to_string(expected->next, ty1, sizeof(ty1));
             parseerror(parser, "invalid return type: `%s'", ty1);
             return false;
         }
@@ -2595,21 +2600,21 @@ static bool parse_return(parser_t *parser, ast_block *block, ast_expression **ou
         /* prepare the return value */
         if (!retval) {
             retval = ast_value_new(ctx, "#LOCAL_RETURN", TYPE_VOID);
-            ast_type_adopt(retval, expected->expression.next);
+            ast_type_adopt(retval, expected->next);
             parser->function->return_value = retval;
         }
 
         if (!ast_compare_type(exp, (ast_expression*)retval)) {
             char ty1[1024], ty2[1024];
             ast_type_to_string(exp, ty1, sizeof(ty1));
-            ast_type_to_string(&retval->expression, ty2, sizeof(ty2));
+            ast_type_to_string(retval, ty2, sizeof(ty2));
             parseerror(parser, "invalid type for return value: `%s', expected `%s'", ty1, ty2);
         }
 
         /* store to 'return' local variable */
         var = (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
             ctx,
-            type_store_instr[expected->expression.next->vtype],
+            type_store_instr[expected->next->vtype],
             (ast_expression*)retval, exp);
 
         if (!var) {
@@ -2646,7 +2651,7 @@ static bool parse_return(parser_t *parser, ast_block *block, ast_expression **ou
         if (!parser_next(parser))
             parseerror(parser, "parse error");
 
-        if (!retval && expected->expression.next->vtype != TYPE_VOID)
+        if (!retval && expected->next->vtype != TYPE_VOID)
         {
             (void)!parsewarning(parser, WARN_MISSING_RETURN_VALUES, "return without value");
         }
@@ -3781,7 +3786,7 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
     has_frame_think = false;
     old = parser->function;
 
-    if (var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS) {
+    if (var->flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS) {
         parseerror(parser, "function aliases cannot have bodies");
         return false;
     }
@@ -3791,7 +3796,7 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (!OPTS_FLAG(VARIADIC_ARGS) && var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_VARIADIC) {
+    if (!OPTS_FLAG(VARIADIC_ARGS) && var->flags & AST_FLAG_VARIADIC) {
         if (parsewarning(parser, WARN_VARIADIC_FUNCTION,
                          "variadic function with implementation will not be able to access additional parameters (try -fvariadic-args)"))
         {
@@ -3951,7 +3956,7 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
             self_think     = (ast_expression*)ast_entfield_new(ctx, gbl_self, fld_think);
 
             time_plus_1    = (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(ctx, INSTR_ADD_F,
-                             gbl_time, (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, frame_delta, false));
+                             gbl_time, (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float(frame_delta, false));
 
             if (!self_frame || !self_nextthink || !self_think || !time_plus_1) {
                 if (self_frame)     ast_delete(self_frame);
@@ -4004,7 +4009,7 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
     }
 
     if (var->hasvalue) {
-        if (!(var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_ACCUMULATE)) {
+        if (!(var->flags & AST_FLAG_ACCUMULATE)) {
             parseerror(parser, "function `%s` declared with multiple bodies", var->name);
             ast_block_delete(block);
             goto enderr;
@@ -4029,13 +4034,13 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
 
     parser_enterblock(parser);
 
-    for (auto &it : var->expression.params) {
+    for (auto &it : var->type_params) {
         size_t e;
         ast_member *me[3];
 
-        if (it->expression.vtype != TYPE_VECTOR &&
-            (it->expression.vtype != TYPE_FIELD ||
-             it->expression.next->vtype != TYPE_VECTOR))
+        if (it->vtype != TYPE_VECTOR &&
+            (it->vtype != TYPE_FIELD ||
+             it->next->vtype != TYPE_VECTOR))
         {
             continue;
         }
@@ -4057,12 +4062,12 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
         func->argc = argc;
     }
 
-    if (OPTS_FLAG(VARIADIC_ARGS) && var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_VARIADIC && !func->varargs) {
+    if (OPTS_FLAG(VARIADIC_ARGS) && var->flags & AST_FLAG_VARIADIC && !func->varargs) {
         char name[1024];
         ast_value *varargs = ast_value_new(ast_ctx(var), "reserved:va_args", TYPE_ARRAY);
-        varargs->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_IS_VARARG;
-        varargs->expression.next = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(ast_ctx(var), nullptr, TYPE_VECTOR);
-        varargs->expression.count = 0;
+        varargs->flags |= AST_FLAG_IS_VARARG;
+        varargs->next = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(ast_ctx(var), nullptr, TYPE_VECTOR);
+        varargs->count = 0;
         util_snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s##va##SET", var->name);
         if (!parser_create_array_setter_proto(parser, varargs, name)) {
             ast_delete(varargs);
@@ -4070,13 +4075,13 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
             goto enderrfn;
         }
         util_snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s##va##GET", var->name);
-        if (!parser_create_array_getter_proto(parser, varargs, varargs->expression.next, name)) {
+        if (!parser_create_array_getter_proto(parser, varargs, varargs->next, name)) {
             ast_delete(varargs);
             ast_block_delete(block);
             goto enderrfn;
         }
         func->varargs     = varargs;
-        func->fixedparams = (ast_value*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, var->expression.params.size(), false);
+        func->fixedparams = (ast_value*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float(var->type_params.size(), false);
     }
 
     parser->function = func;
@@ -4085,7 +4090,7 @@ static bool parse_function_body(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
         goto enderrfn;
     }
 
-    func->blocks.push_back(block);
+    func->blocks.emplace_back(block);
 
     parser->function = old;
     if (!parser_leaveblock(parser))
@@ -4134,7 +4139,7 @@ static ast_expression *array_accessor_split(
 
     cmp = ast_binary_new(ctx, INSTR_LT,
                          (ast_expression*)index,
-                         (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, middle, false));
+                         (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float(middle, false));
     if (!cmp) {
         ast_delete(left);
         ast_delete(right);
@@ -4162,12 +4167,12 @@ static ast_expression *array_setter_node(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array, ast
         ast_return      *ret;
         ast_array_index *subscript;
         ast_store       *st;
-        int assignop = type_store_instr[value->expression.vtype];
+        int assignop = type_store_instr[value->vtype];
 
-        if (value->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD && value->expression.next->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+        if (value->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && value->next->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
             assignop = INSTR_STORE_V;
 
-        subscript = ast_array_index_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)array, (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, from, false));
+        subscript = ast_array_index_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)array, (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float(from, false));
         if (!subscript)
             return nullptr;
 
@@ -4228,17 +4233,17 @@ static ast_expression *array_field_setter_node(
         ast_entfield    *entfield;
         ast_array_index *subscript;
         ast_store       *st;
-        int assignop = type_storep_instr[value->expression.vtype];
+        int assignop = type_storep_instr[value->vtype];
 
-        if (value->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD && value->expression.next->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+        if (value->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && value->next->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
             assignop = INSTR_STOREP_V;
 
-        subscript = ast_array_index_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)array, (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, from, false));
+        subscript = ast_array_index_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)array, (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float(from, false));
         if (!subscript)
             return nullptr;
 
-        subscript->expression.next = ast_type_copy(ast_ctx(subscript), (ast_expression*)subscript);
-        subscript->expression.vtype = TYPE_FIELD;
+        subscript->next = ast_type_copy(ast_ctx(subscript), (ast_expression*)subscript);
+        subscript->vtype = TYPE_FIELD;
 
         entfield = ast_entfield_new_force(ctx,
                                           (ast_expression*)entity,
@@ -4296,7 +4301,7 @@ static ast_expression *array_getter_node(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array, ast
         ast_return      *ret;
         ast_array_index *subscript;
 
-        subscript = ast_array_index_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)array, (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(parser->fold, from, false));
+        subscript = ast_array_index_new(ctx, (ast_expression*)array, (ast_expression*)parser->m_fold.constgen_float(from, false));
         if (!subscript)
             return nullptr;
 
@@ -4328,7 +4333,7 @@ static bool parser_create_array_accessor(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array, con
         parseerror(parser, "failed to create accessor function value");
         return false;
     }
-    fval->expression.flags &= ~(AST_FLAG_COVERAGE_MASK);
+    fval->flags &= ~(AST_FLAG_COVERAGE_MASK);
 
     func = ast_function_new(ast_ctx(array), funcname, fval);
     if (!func) {
@@ -4345,7 +4350,7 @@ static bool parser_create_array_accessor(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array, con
         return false;
     }
 
-    func->blocks.push_back(body);
+    func->blocks.emplace_back(body);
     *out = fval;
 
     parser->accessors.push_back(fval);
@@ -4360,7 +4365,7 @@ static ast_value* parser_create_array_setter_proto(parser_t *parser, ast_value *
     ast_function   *func;
     ast_value      *fval;
 
-    if (!ast_istype(array->expression.next, ast_value)) {
+    if (!ast_istype(array->next, ast_value)) {
         parseerror(parser, "internal error: array accessor needs to build an ast_value with a copy of the element type");
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -4368,18 +4373,18 @@ static ast_value* parser_create_array_setter_proto(parser_t *parser, ast_value *
     if (!parser_create_array_accessor(parser, array, funcname, &fval))
         return nullptr;
     func = fval->constval.vfunc;
-    fval->expression.next = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "<void>", TYPE_VOID);
+    fval->next = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "<void>", TYPE_VOID);
 
     index = ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "index", TYPE_FLOAT);
-    value = ast_value_copy((ast_value*)array->expression.next);
+    value = ast_value_copy((ast_value*)array->next);
 
     if (!index || !value) {
         parseerror(parser, "failed to create locals for array accessor");
         goto cleanup;
     }
     (void)!ast_value_set_name(value, "value"); /* not important */
-    fval->expression.params.push_back(index);
-    fval->expression.params.push_back(value);
+    fval->type_params.push_back(index);
+    fval->type_params.push_back(value);
 
     array->setter = fval;
     return fval;
@@ -4395,14 +4400,14 @@ static bool parser_create_array_setter_impl(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array)
 {
     ast_expression *root = nullptr;
     root = array_setter_node(parser, array,
-                             array->setter->expression.params[0],
-                             array->setter->expression.params[1],
-                             0, array->expression.count);
+                             array->setter->type_params[0],
+                             array->setter->type_params[1],
+                             0, array->count);
     if (!root) {
         parseerror(parser, "failed to build accessor search tree");
         return false;
     }
-    if (!ast_block_add_expr(array->setter->constval.vfunc->blocks[0], root)) {
+    if (!ast_block_add_expr(array->setter->constval.vfunc->blocks[0].get(), root)) {
         ast_delete(root);
         return false;
     }
@@ -4425,7 +4430,7 @@ static bool parser_create_array_field_setter(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array,
     ast_function   *func;
     ast_value      *fval;
 
-    if (!ast_istype(array->expression.next, ast_value)) {
+    if (!ast_istype(array->next, ast_value)) {
         parseerror(parser, "internal error: array accessor needs to build an ast_value with a copy of the element type");
         return false;
     }
@@ -4433,28 +4438,28 @@ static bool parser_create_array_field_setter(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array,
     if (!parser_create_array_accessor(parser, array, funcname, &fval))
         return false;
     func = fval->constval.vfunc;
-    fval->expression.next = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "<void>", TYPE_VOID);
+    fval->next = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "<void>", TYPE_VOID);
 
     entity = ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "entity", TYPE_ENTITY);
     index  = ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "index",  TYPE_FLOAT);
-    value  = ast_value_copy((ast_value*)array->expression.next);
+    value  = ast_value_copy((ast_value*)array->next);
     if (!entity || !index || !value) {
         parseerror(parser, "failed to create locals for array accessor");
         goto cleanup;
     }
     (void)!ast_value_set_name(value, "value"); /* not important */
-    fval->expression.params.push_back(entity);
-    fval->expression.params.push_back(index);
-    fval->expression.params.push_back(value);
+    fval->type_params.push_back(entity);
+    fval->type_params.push_back(index);
+    fval->type_params.push_back(value);
 
-    root = array_field_setter_node(parser, array, entity, index, value, 0, array->expression.count);
+    root = array_field_setter_node(parser, array, entity, index, value, 0, array->count);
     if (!root) {
         parseerror(parser, "failed to build accessor search tree");
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
     array->setter = fval;
-    return ast_block_add_expr(func->blocks[0], root);
+    return ast_block_add_expr(func->blocks[0].get(), root);
 cleanup:
     if (entity) ast_delete(entity);
     if (index)  ast_delete(index);
@@ -4471,10 +4476,10 @@ static ast_value* parser_create_array_getter_proto(parser_t *parser, ast_value *
     ast_value      *fval;
     ast_function   *func;
 
-    /* NOTE: checking array->expression.next rather than elemtype since
+    /* NOTE: checking array->next rather than elemtype since
      * for fields elemtype is a temporary fieldtype.
      */
-    if (!ast_istype(array->expression.next, ast_value)) {
+    if (!ast_istype(array->next, ast_value)) {
         parseerror(parser, "internal error: array accessor needs to build an ast_value with a copy of the element type");
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -4482,7 +4487,7 @@ static ast_value* parser_create_array_getter_proto(parser_t *parser, ast_value *
     if (!parser_create_array_accessor(parser, array, funcname, &fval))
         return nullptr;
     func = fval->constval.vfunc;
-    fval->expression.next = ast_type_copy(ast_ctx(array), elemtype);
+    fval->next = ast_type_copy(ast_ctx(array), elemtype);
 
     index = ast_value_new(ast_ctx(array), "index", TYPE_FLOAT);
 
@@ -4490,7 +4495,7 @@ static ast_value* parser_create_array_getter_proto(parser_t *parser, ast_value *
         parseerror(parser, "failed to create locals for array accessor");
         goto cleanup;
     }
-    fval->expression.params.push_back(index);
+    fval->type_params.push_back(index);
 
     array->getter = fval;
     return fval;
@@ -4505,12 +4510,12 @@ static bool parser_create_array_getter_impl(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array)
 {
     ast_expression *root = nullptr;
 
-    root = array_getter_node(parser, array, array->getter->expression.params[0], 0, array->expression.count);
+    root = array_getter_node(parser, array, array->getter->type_params[0], 0, array->count);
     if (!root) {
         parseerror(parser, "failed to build accessor search tree");
         return false;
     }
-    if (!ast_block_add_expr(array->getter->constval.vfunc->blocks[0], root)) {
+    if (!ast_block_add_expr(array->getter->constval.vfunc->blocks[0].get(), root)) {
         ast_delete(root);
         return false;
     }
@@ -4577,7 +4582,7 @@ static ast_value *parse_parameter_list(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
             }
         } else {
             params.push_back(param);
-            if (param->expression.vtype >= TYPE_VARIANT) {
+            if (param->vtype >= TYPE_VARIANT) {
                 char tname[1024]; /* typename is reserved in C++ */
                 ast_type_to_string((ast_expression*)param, tname, sizeof(tname));
                 parseerror(parser, "type not supported as part of a parameter list: %s", tname);
@@ -4608,7 +4613,7 @@ static ast_value *parse_parameter_list(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
         }
     }
 
-    if (params.size() == 1 && params[0]->expression.vtype == TYPE_VOID)
+    if (params.size() == 1 && params[0]->vtype == TYPE_VOID)
         params.clear();
 
     /* sanity check */
@@ -4623,13 +4628,13 @@ static ast_value *parse_parameter_list(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
 
     /* now turn 'var' into a function type */
     fval = ast_value_new(ctx, "<type()>", TYPE_FUNCTION);
-    fval->expression.next = (ast_expression*)var;
+    fval->next = (ast_expression*)var;
     if (variadic)
-        fval->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_VARIADIC;
+        fval->flags |= AST_FLAG_VARIADIC;
     var = fval;
 
-    var->expression.params = params;
-    var->expression.varparam = (ast_expression*)varparam;
+    var->type_params = move(params);
+    var->varparam = (ast_expression*)varparam;
     var->argcounter = argcounter;
 
     return var;
@@ -4677,14 +4682,14 @@ static ast_value *parse_arraysize(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
     }
 
     tmp = ast_value_new(ctx, "<type[]>", TYPE_ARRAY);
-    tmp->expression.next = (ast_expression*)var;
+    tmp->next = (ast_expression*)var;
     var = tmp;
 
     if (cval) {
-        if (cval->expression.vtype == TYPE_INTEGER)
-            tmp->expression.count = cval->constval.vint;
-        else if (cval->expression.vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
-            tmp->expression.count = cval->constval.vfloat;
+        if (cval->vtype == TYPE_INTEGER)
+            tmp->count = cval->constval.vint;
+        else if (cval->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
+            tmp->count = cval->constval.vfloat;
         else {
             ast_unref(cexp);
             ast_delete(var);
@@ -4694,8 +4699,8 @@ static ast_value *parse_arraysize(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
 
         ast_unref(cexp);
     } else {
-        var->expression.count = -1;
-        var->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_ARRAY_INIT;
+        var->count = -1;
+        var->flags |= AST_FLAG_ARRAY_INIT;
     }
 
     if (parser->tok != ']') {
@@ -4792,7 +4797,7 @@ static ast_value *parse_typename(parser_t *parser, ast_value **storebase, ast_va
 
     for (; morefields; --morefields) {
         tmp = ast_value_new(ctx, "<.type>", TYPE_FIELD);
-        tmp->expression.next = (ast_expression*)var;
+        tmp->next = (ast_expression*)var;
         var = tmp;
     }
 
@@ -4824,7 +4829,7 @@ static ast_value *parse_typename(parser_t *parser, ast_value **storebase, ast_va
         *storebase = ast_value_copy(var);
         if (isfield) {
             tmp = ast_value_new(ctx, "<type:f>", TYPE_FIELD);
-            tmp->expression.next = (ast_expression*)*storebase;
+            tmp->next = (ast_expression*)*storebase;
             *storebase = tmp;
         }
     }
@@ -4862,7 +4867,7 @@ static ast_value *parse_typename(parser_t *parser, ast_value **storebase, ast_va
     if (isfield) {
         /* turn it into a field if desired */
         tmp = ast_value_new(ctx, "<type:f>", TYPE_FIELD);
-        tmp->expression.next = (ast_expression*)var;
+        tmp->next = (ast_expression*)var;
         var = tmp;
     }
 
@@ -4966,8 +4971,8 @@ static bool parser_check_qualifiers(parser_t *parser, const ast_value *var, cons
                                  cvq_to_str(proto->cvq));
         }
     }
-    av = (var  ->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_NORETURN);
-    ao = (proto->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_NORETURN);
+    av = (var  ->flags & AST_FLAG_NORETURN);
+    ao = (proto->flags & AST_FLAG_NORETURN);
     if (!av != !ao) {
         return !parsewarning(parser, WARN_DIFFERENT_ATTRIBUTES,
                              "`%s` declared with different attributes%s\n"
@@ -4986,7 +4991,7 @@ static bool create_array_accessors(parser_t *parser, ast_value *var)
     if (!parser_create_array_setter(parser, var, name))
         return false;
     util_snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s##GET", var->name);
-    if (!parser_create_array_getter(parser, var, var->expression.next, name))
+    if (!parser_create_array_getter(parser, var, var->next, name))
         return false;
     return true;
 }
@@ -5013,7 +5018,7 @@ static bool parse_array(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array)
             return false;
         }
         array->initlist.push_back(v->constval);
-        if (v->expression.vtype == TYPE_STRING) {
+        if (v->vtype == TYPE_STRING) {
             array->initlist[i].vstring = util_strdupe(array->initlist[i].vstring);
             ++i;
         }
@@ -5036,12 +5041,12 @@ static bool parse_array(parser_t *parser, ast_value *array)
     }
     */
 
-    if (array->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_ARRAY_INIT) {
-        if (array->expression.count != (size_t)-1) {
+    if (array->flags & AST_FLAG_ARRAY_INIT) {
+        if (array->count != (size_t)-1) {
             parseerror(parser, "array `%s' has already been initialized with %u elements",
-                       array->name, (unsigned)array->expression.count);
+                       array->name, (unsigned)array->count);
         }
-        array->expression.count = array->initlist.size();
+        array->count = array->initlist.size();
         if (!create_array_accessors(parser, array))
             return false;
     }
@@ -5125,18 +5130,18 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
 
         var->cvq = qualifier;
         if (qflags & AST_FLAG_COVERAGE) /* specified in QC, drop our default */
-            var->expression.flags &= ~(AST_FLAG_COVERAGE_MASK);
-        var->expression.flags |= qflags;
+            var->flags &= ~(AST_FLAG_COVERAGE_MASK);
+        var->flags |= qflags;
 
         /*
          * store the vstring back to var for alias and
          * deprecation messages.
          */
-        if (var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_DEPRECATED ||
-            var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS)
+        if (var->flags & AST_FLAG_DEPRECATED ||
+            var->flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS)
             var->desc = vstring;
 
-        if (parser_find_global(parser, var->name) && var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS) {
+        if (parser_find_global(parser, var->name) && var->flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS) {
             parseerror(parser, "function aliases cannot be forward declared");
             retval = false;
             goto cleanup;
@@ -5168,7 +5173,7 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
                 parser->crc_fields = parser->fields.size();
                 was_end = true;
             }
-            if (was_end && var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD) {
+            if (was_end && var->vtype == TYPE_FIELD) {
                 if (parsewarning(parser, WARN_END_SYS_FIELDS,
                                  "global '%s' hint should not be a field",
                                  parser_tokval(parser)))
@@ -5178,7 +5183,7 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
                 }
             }
 
-            if (!nofields && var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
+            if (!nofields && var->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
             {
                 /* deal with field declarations */
                 old = parser_find_field(parser, var->name);
@@ -5213,7 +5218,7 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
             {
                 /* deal with other globals */
                 old = parser_find_global(parser, var->name);
-                if (old && var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION && old->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION)
+                if (old && var->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION && old->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION)
                 {
                     /* This is a function which had a prototype */
                     if (!ast_istype(old, ast_value)) {
@@ -5231,8 +5236,8 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
                         goto cleanup;
                     }
                     /* we need the new parameter-names */
-                    for (i = 0; i < proto->expression.params.size(); ++i)
-                        ast_value_set_name(proto->expression.params[i], var->expression.params[i]->name);
+                    for (i = 0; i < proto->type_params.size(); ++i)
+                        ast_value_set_name(proto->type_params[i], var->type_params[i]->name);
                     if (!parser_check_qualifiers(parser, var, proto)) {
                         retval = false;
                         if (proto->desc)
@@ -5240,7 +5245,7 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
                         proto = nullptr;
                         goto cleanup;
                     }
-                    proto->expression.flags |= var->expression.flags;
+                    proto->flags |= var->flags;
                     ast_delete(var);
                     var = proto;
                 }
@@ -5273,11 +5278,11 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
                             proto = nullptr;
                             goto cleanup;
                         }
-                        proto->expression.flags |= var->expression.flags;
+                        proto->flags |= var->flags;
                         /* copy the context for finals,
                          * so the error can show where it was actually made 'final'
                          */
-                        if (proto->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_FINAL_DECL)
+                        if (proto->flags & AST_FLAG_FINAL_DECL)
                             ast_ctx(old) = ast_ctx(var);
                         ast_delete(var);
                         var = proto;
@@ -5334,10 +5339,10 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
          * Create the global/local, and deal with vector types.
          */
         if (!proto) {
-            if (var->expression.vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+            if (var->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
                 isvector = true;
-            else if (var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD &&
-                     var->expression.next->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+            else if (var->vtype == TYPE_FIELD &&
+                     var->next->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
                 isvector = true;
 
             if (isvector) {
@@ -5349,7 +5354,7 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
 
             if (!localblock) {
                 /* deal with global variables, fields, functions */
-                if (!nofields && var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD && parser->tok != '=') {
+                if (!nofields && var->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && parser->tok != '=') {
                     var->isfield = true;
                     parser->fields.push_back((ast_expression*)var);
                     util_htset(parser->htfields, var->name, var);
@@ -5361,7 +5366,7 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
                     }
                 }
                 else {
-                    if (!(var->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS)) {
+                    if (!(var->flags & AST_FLAG_ALIAS)) {
                         parser_addglobal(parser, var->name, (ast_expression*)var);
                         if (isvector) {
                             for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
@@ -5486,22 +5491,22 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
         /* Part 2.2
          * deal with arrays
          */
-        if (var->expression.vtype == TYPE_ARRAY) {
-            if (var->expression.count != (size_t)-1) {
+        if (var->vtype == TYPE_ARRAY) {
+            if (var->count != (size_t)-1) {
                 if (!create_array_accessors(parser, var))
                     goto cleanup;
             }
         }
         else if (!localblock && !nofields &&
-                 var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD &&
-                 var->expression.next->vtype == TYPE_ARRAY)
+                 var->vtype == TYPE_FIELD &&
+                 var->next->vtype == TYPE_ARRAY)
         {
             char name[1024];
             ast_expression *telem;
             ast_value      *tfield;
-            ast_value      *array = (ast_value*)var->expression.next;
+            ast_value      *array = (ast_value*)var->next;
 
-            if (!ast_istype(var->expression.next, ast_value)) {
+            if (!ast_istype(var->next, ast_value)) {
                 parseerror(parser, "internal error: field element type must be an ast_value");
                 goto cleanup;
             }
@@ -5510,9 +5515,9 @@ static bool parse_variable(parser_t *parser, ast_block *localblock, bool nofield
             if (!parser_create_array_field_setter(parser, array, name))
                 goto cleanup;
 
-            telem = ast_type_copy(ast_ctx(var), array->expression.next);
+            telem = ast_type_copy(ast_ctx(var), array->next);
             tfield = ast_value_new(ast_ctx(var), "<.type>", TYPE_FIELD);
-            tfield->expression.next = telem;
+            tfield->next = telem;
             util_snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s##GETFP", var->name);
             if (!parser_create_array_getter(parser, array, (ast_expression*)tfield, name)) {
                 ast_delete(tfield);
@@ -5535,7 +5540,7 @@ skipvar:
             goto another;
 
         /*
-        if (!var || (!localblock && !nofields && basetype->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD)) {
+        if (!var || (!localblock && !nofields && basetype->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)) {
         */
         if (!var) {
             parseerror(parser, "missing comma or semicolon while parsing variables");
@@ -5551,7 +5556,7 @@ skipvar:
             }
         }
 
-        if (parser->tok != '{' || var->expression.vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
+        if (parser->tok != '{' || var->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
             if (parser->tok != '=') {
                 parseerror(parser, "missing semicolon or initializer, got: `%s`", parser_tokval(parser));
                 break;
@@ -5577,7 +5582,7 @@ skipvar:
                 parseerror(parser, "cannot declare builtins within functions");
                 break;
             }
-            if (var->expression.vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
+            if (var->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
                 parseerror(parser, "unexpected builtin number, '%s' is not a function", var->name);
                 break;
             }
@@ -5598,9 +5603,9 @@ skipvar:
                     parseerror(parser, "builtin number must be a compile time constant");
                     break;
                 }
-                if (number->expression.vtype == TYPE_INTEGER)
+                if (number->vtype == TYPE_INTEGER)
                     builtin_num = number->constval.vint;
-                else if (number->expression.vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
+                else if (number->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
                     builtin_num = number->constval.vfloat;
                 else {
                     ast_unref(number);
@@ -5653,7 +5658,7 @@ skipvar:
                 break;
             }
         }
-        else if (var->expression.vtype == TYPE_ARRAY && parser->tok == '{')
+        else if (var->vtype == TYPE_ARRAY && parser->tok == '{')
         {
             if (localblock) {
                 /* Note that fteqcc and most others don't even *have*
@@ -5667,7 +5672,7 @@ skipvar:
             if (!parse_array(parser, var))
                 break;
         }
-        else if (var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION && (parser->tok == '{' || parser->tok == '['))
+        else if (var->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION && (parser->tok == '{' || parser->tok == '['))
         {
             if (localblock) {
                 parseerror(parser, "cannot declare functions within functions");
@@ -5682,6 +5687,8 @@ skipvar:
             ast_delete(basetype);
             for (auto &it : parser->gotos)
                 parseerror(parser, "undefined label: `%s`", it->name);
+            parser->gotos.clear();
+            parser->labels.clear();
             return true;
         } else {
             ast_expression *cexp;
@@ -5737,13 +5744,13 @@ skipvar:
                         var->cvq = CV_CONST;
                     }
                     if (cval == parser->nil)
-                        var->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_INITIALIZED;
+                        var->flags |= AST_FLAG_INITIALIZED;
                     else
                     {
                         var->hasvalue = true;
-                        if (cval->expression.vtype == TYPE_STRING)
+                        if (cval->vtype == TYPE_STRING)
                             var->constval.vstring = parser_strdup(cval->constval.vstring);
-                        else if (cval->expression.vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
+                        else if (cval->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
                             var->constval.vfield = cval;
                         else
                             memcpy(&var->constval, &cval->constval, sizeof(var->constval));
@@ -5771,7 +5778,7 @@ skipvar:
             /* a constant initialized to an inexact value should be marked inexact:
              * const float x = <inexact>; should propagate the inexact flag
              */
-            if (var->cvq == CV_CONST && var->expression.vtype == TYPE_FLOAT) {
+            if (var->cvq == CV_CONST && var->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT) {
                 if (cval && cval->hasvalue && cval->cvq == CV_CONST)
                     var->inexact = cval->inexact;
             }
@@ -5926,7 +5933,7 @@ static void generate_checksum(parser_t *parser, ir_builder *ir)
         if (!ast_istype(parser->globals[i], ast_value))
             continue;
         value = (ast_value*)(parser->globals[i]);
-        switch (value->expression.vtype) {
+        switch (value->vtype) {
             case TYPE_FLOAT:    crc = progdefs_crc_both(crc, "\tfloat\t"); break;
             case TYPE_VECTOR:   crc = progdefs_crc_both(crc, "\tvec3_t\t"); break;
             case TYPE_STRING:   crc = progdefs_crc_both(crc, "\tstring_t\t"); break;
@@ -5943,7 +5950,7 @@ static void generate_checksum(parser_t *parser, ir_builder *ir)
         if (!ast_istype(parser->fields[i], ast_value))
             continue;
         value = (ast_value*)(parser->fields[i]);
-        switch (value->expression.next->vtype) {
+        switch (value->next->vtype) {
             case TYPE_FLOAT:    crc = progdefs_crc_both(crc, "\tfloat\t"); break;
             case TYPE_VECTOR:   crc = progdefs_crc_both(crc, "\tvec3_t\t"); break;
             case TYPE_STRING:   crc = progdefs_crc_both(crc, "\tstring_t\t"); break;
@@ -6011,13 +6018,13 @@ parser_t *parser_create()
         parser->reserved_version = ast_value_new(empty_ctx, "reserved:version", TYPE_STRING);
         parser->reserved_version->cvq = CV_CONST;
         parser->reserved_version->hasvalue = true;
-        parser->reserved_version->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_INCLUDE_DEF;
+        parser->reserved_version->flags |= AST_FLAG_INCLUDE_DEF;
         parser->reserved_version->constval.vstring = util_strdup(GMQCC_FULL_VERSION_STRING);
     } else {
         parser->reserved_version = nullptr;
     }
 
-    parser->fold = fold_init(parser);
+    parser->m_fold = fold(parser);
     parser->m_intrin = intrin(parser);
     return parser;
 }
@@ -6115,12 +6122,12 @@ static void parser_remove_ast(parser_t *parser)
         ast_value_delete(parser->reserved_version);
 
     util_htdel(parser->aliases);
-    fold_cleanup(parser->fold);
 }
 
 void parser_cleanup(parser_t *parser)
 {
     parser_remove_ast(parser);
+    parser->~parser_t();
     mem_d(parser);
 }
 
@@ -6142,20 +6149,20 @@ static bool parser_set_coverage_func(parser_t *parser, ir_builder *ir) {
     if (!func) {
         if (OPTS_OPTION_BOOL(OPTION_COVERAGE)) {
             con_out("coverage support requested but no coverage() builtin declared\n");
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
         return true;
     }
 
-    cov  = func->vtype;
+    cov  = func->function_type;
     expr = (ast_expression*)cov;
 
-    if (expr->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION || expr->params.size()) {
+    if (expr->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION || expr->type_params.size()) {
         char ty[1024];
         ast_type_to_string(expr, ty, sizeof(ty));
         con_out("invalid type for coverage(): %s\n", ty);
-        ir_builder_delete(ir);
+        delete ir;
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -6173,7 +6180,7 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         return false;
     }
 
-    ir = ir_builder_new("gmqcc_out");
+    ir = new ir_builder("gmqcc_out");
     if (!ir) {
         con_out("failed to allocate builder\n");
         return false;
@@ -6188,14 +6195,14 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         field->hasvalue = false;
         if (!ast_global_codegen((ast_value*)field, ir, true)) {
             con_out("failed to generate field %s\n", field->name);
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
         if (hasvalue) {
             ir_value *ifld;
             ast_expression *subtype;
             field->hasvalue = true;
-            subtype = field->expression.next;
+            subtype = field->next;
             ifld = ir_builder_create_field(ir, field->name, subtype->vtype);
             if (subtype->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
                 ifld->fieldtype = subtype->next->vtype;
@@ -6209,13 +6216,13 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         if (!ast_istype(it, ast_value))
             continue;
         asvalue = (ast_value*)it;
-        if (!asvalue->uses && !asvalue->hasvalue && asvalue->expression.vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
+        if (!asvalue->uses && !asvalue->hasvalue && asvalue->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION) {
             retval = retval && !compile_warning(ast_ctx(asvalue), WARN_UNUSED_VARIABLE,
                                                 "unused global: `%s`", asvalue->name);
         }
         if (!ast_global_codegen(asvalue, ir, false)) {
             con_out("failed to generate global %s\n", asvalue->name);
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -6224,16 +6231,16 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
      */
     for (auto &f : parser->functions) {
         if (f->varargs) {
-            if (parser->max_param_count > f->vtype->expression.params.size()) {
-                f->varargs->expression.count = parser->max_param_count - f->vtype->expression.params.size();
+            if (parser->max_param_count > f->function_type->type_params.size()) {
+                f->varargs->count = parser->max_param_count - f->function_type->type_params.size();
                 if (!parser_create_array_setter_impl(parser, f->varargs)) {
                     con_out("failed to generate vararg setter for %s\n", f->name);
-                    ir_builder_delete(ir);
+                    delete ir;
                     return false;
                 }
                 if (!parser_create_array_getter_impl(parser, f->varargs)) {
                     con_out("failed to generate vararg getter for %s\n", f->name);
-                    ir_builder_delete(ir);
+                    delete ir;
                     return false;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -6243,7 +6250,7 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         }
     }
     /* Now we can generate immediates */
-    if (!fold_generate(parser->fold, ir))
+    if (!parser->m_fold.generate(ir))
         return false;
 
     /* before generating any functions we need to set the coverage_func */
@@ -6253,7 +6260,7 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         if (!ast_istype(it, ast_value))
             continue;
         ast_value *asvalue = (ast_value*)it;
-        if (!(asvalue->expression.flags & AST_FLAG_INITIALIZED))
+        if (!(asvalue->flags & AST_FLAG_INITIALIZED))
         {
             if (asvalue->cvq == CV_CONST && !asvalue->hasvalue)
                 (void)!compile_warning(ast_ctx(asvalue), WARN_UNINITIALIZED_CONSTANT,
@@ -6265,7 +6272,7 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
                                        asvalue->name);
         }
         if (!ast_generate_accessors(asvalue, ir)) {
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -6273,10 +6280,10 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         ast_value *asvalue = (ast_value*)it->next;
         if (!ast_istype((ast_expression*)asvalue, ast_value))
             continue;
-        if (asvalue->expression.vtype != TYPE_ARRAY)
+        if (asvalue->vtype != TYPE_ARRAY)
             continue;
         if (!ast_generate_accessors(asvalue, ir)) {
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -6284,13 +6291,13 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
         !ast_global_codegen(parser->reserved_version, ir, false))
     {
         con_out("failed to generate reserved::version");
-        ir_builder_delete(ir);
+        delete ir;
         return false;
     }
     for (auto &f : parser->functions) {
         if (!ast_function_codegen(f, ir)) {
             con_out("failed to generate function %s\n", f->name);
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -6302,7 +6309,7 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
     for (auto &it : parser->functions) {
         if (!ir_function_finalize(it->ir_func)) {
             con_out("failed to finalize function %s\n", it->name);
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -6320,10 +6327,10 @@ bool parser_finish(parser_t *parser, const char *output)
 
         if (!ir_builder_generate(ir, output)) {
             con_out("*** failed to generate output file\n");
-            ir_builder_delete(ir);
+            delete ir;
             return false;
         }
     }
-    ir_builder_delete(ir);
+    delete ir;
     return retval;
 }