]> git.xonotic.org Git - xonotic/gmqcc.git/blobdiff - intrin.c
Fix for loops
[xonotic/gmqcc.git] / intrin.c
index 94b420210a2652a0c9c7781f0bada9623108be0f..9ddb1a2670ad0d2356e2bc795fb796df0e73b969 100644 (file)
--- a/intrin.c
+++ b/intrin.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013
+ * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015
  *     Dale Weiler
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
  */
 #define intrin_ctx(I) parser_ctx((I)->parser)
 
-static GMQCC_INLINE ast_function *intrin_value(intrin_t *intrin, ast_value **value, const char *name, qcint_t vtype) {
-    ast_function *func = NULL;
+static GMQCC_INLINE ast_function *intrin_value(intrin_t *intrin, ast_value **out, const char *name, qcint_t vtype) {
+    ast_value    *value = NULL;
+    ast_function *func  = NULL;
     char          buffer[1024];
     char          stype [1024];
 
     util_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "__builtin_%s", name);
     util_snprintf(stype,  sizeof(stype),   "<%s>",        type_name[vtype]);
 
-    *value                      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), buffer, TYPE_FUNCTION);
-    (*value)->intrinsic         = true;
-    (*value)->expression.next   = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), stype, vtype);
-     func                       = ast_function_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), buffer, *value);
-    (*value)->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_ERASEABLE;
+    value                    = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), buffer, TYPE_FUNCTION);
+    value->intrinsic         = true;
+    value->expression.next   = (ast_expression*)ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), stype, vtype);
+    func                     = ast_function_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), buffer, value);
+    value->expression.flags |= AST_FLAG_ERASEABLE;
 
+    *out = value;
     return func;
 }
 
@@ -56,333 +58,1939 @@ static GMQCC_INLINE void intrin_reg(intrin_t *intrin, ast_value *const value, as
     vec_push(intrin->parser->globals,   (ast_expression*)value);
 }
 
-#define QC_M_E 2.71828182845905f
+#define QC_POW_EPSILON 0.00001f
 
-static ast_expression *intrin_pow (intrin_t *intrin) {
+/*
+ * since some intrinsics depend on each other there is the possibility
+ * that an intrinsic will fail to get a 'depended' function that a
+ * builtin needs, causing some dependency in the chain to have a NULL
+ * function. This will cause a segmentation fault at code generation,
+ * even though an error was raised. To contiue to allow it (instead
+ * of stopping compilation right away). We need to return from the
+ * parser, before compilation stops after all the collected errors.
+ */
+static ast_expression *intrin_func_self(intrin_t *intrin, const char *name, const char *from);
+static ast_expression *intrin_nullfunc(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    ast_value    *value = NULL;
+    ast_function *func  = intrin_value(intrin, &value, NULL, TYPE_VOID);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_isfinite(intrin_t *intrin) {
     /*
-     * float pow(float x, float y) {
-     *   float local = 1.0f;
-     *   while (y > 0) {
-     *     while (!(y & 1)) {
-     *       y >>= 2;
-     *       x *=  x;
-     *     }
-     *     y--;
-     *     local *= x;
-     *   }
-     *   return local;
+     * float isfinite(float x) {
+     *     return !(isnan(x) || isinf(x));
      * }
      */
-    static ast_value *value = NULL;
-
-    if (!value) {
-        ast_value    *arg1  = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "x",     TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_value    *arg2  = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "y",     TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_value    *local = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "local", TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_block    *body  = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser));
-        ast_block    *l1b   = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser)); /* loop 1 body */
-        ast_block    *l2b   = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser)); /* loop 2 body */
-        ast_loop     *loop1 = NULL;
-        ast_loop     *loop2 = NULL;
-        ast_function *func  = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "pow", TYPE_FLOAT);
-
-        /* arguments */
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg2);
-
-        /* local */
-        vec_push(body->locals, local);
-
-        /* assignment to local of value 1.0f */
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_STORE_F,
-                (ast_expression*)local,
-                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1] /* 1 == 1.0f */
+    ast_value    *value     = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x         = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_function *func      = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "isfinite", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_call     *callisnan = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "isnan", "isfinite"));
+    ast_call     *callisinf = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "isinf", "isfinite"));
+    ast_block    *block     = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+
+    /* float x; */
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+
+    /* <callisnan> = isnan(x); */
+    vec_push(callisnan->params, (ast_expression*)x);
+
+    /* <callisinf> = isinf(x); */
+    vec_push(callisinf->params, (ast_expression*)x);
+
+    /* return (!<callisnan> || <callisinf>); */
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_unary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_NOT_F,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_OR,
+                    (ast_expression*)callisnan,
+                    (ast_expression*)callisinf
+                )
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
 
-        /* y >>= 2 */
-        vec_push(l2b->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_STORE_F,
-                INSTR_MUL_F,
-                (ast_expression*)arg2,
-                (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(intrin->parser->fold, 0.25f)
+    vec_push(func->blocks, block);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+
+    return (ast_expression*)value;;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_isinf(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float isinf(float x) {
+     *     return (x != 0.0) && (x + x == x);
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func  = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "isinf", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_AND,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_NE_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)x,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_EQ_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                        intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                        INSTR_ADD_F,
+                        (ast_expression*)x,
+                        (ast_expression*)x
+                    ),
+                    (ast_expression*)x
+                )
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
 
-        /* x *= x */
-        vec_push(l2b->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_STORE_F,
-                INSTR_MUL_F,
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_isnan(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float isnan(float x) {
+     *   float local;
+     *   local = x;
+     *
+     *   return (x != local);
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_value    *arg1   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x",     TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *local  = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "local", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "isnan", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(body->locals, local);
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)local,
+            (ast_expression*)arg1
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_NE_F,
                 (ast_expression*)arg1,
-                (ast_expression*)arg1
+                (ast_expression*)local
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
 
-        /* while (!(y&1)) */
-        loop2 = ast_loop_new (
-            parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-            NULL,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_AND,
-                (ast_expression*)arg2,
-                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1] /* 1 == 1.0f */
-            ),
-            true, /* ! not */
-            NULL,
-            false,
-            NULL,
-            (ast_expression*)l2b
-        );
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
 
-        /* push nested loop into loop expressions */
-        vec_push(l1b->exprs, (ast_expression*)loop2);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
 
-        /* y-- */
-        vec_push(l1b->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_STORE_F,
-                INSTR_SUB_F,
-                (ast_expression*)arg2,
-                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1] /* 1 == 1.0f */
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_isnormal(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float isnormal(float x) {
+     *     return isfinite(x);
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value         = NULL;
+    ast_call     *callisfinite  = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "isfinite", "isnormal"));
+    ast_value    *x             = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body          = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func          = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "isnormal", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+    vec_push(callisfinite->params, (ast_expression*)x);
+
+    /* return <callisfinite> */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)callisfinite
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_signbit(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float signbit(float x) {
+     *     return (x < 0);
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "signbit", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+
+    /* return (x < 0); */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_LT,
+                    (ast_expression*)x,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
             )
-        );
-        /* local *= x */
-        vec_push(l1b->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_STORE_F,
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_acosh(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float acosh(float x) {
+     *     return log(x + sqrt((x * x) - 1));
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value    = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_call     *calllog  = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "log", "acosh"));
+    ast_call     *callsqrt = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "sqrt", "acosh"));
+    ast_block    *body     = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func     = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "acosh", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+
+    /* <callsqrt> = sqrt((x * x) - 1); */
+    vec_push(callsqrt->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_SUB_F,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
                 INSTR_MUL_F,
-                (ast_expression*)local,
-                (ast_expression*)arg1
+                (ast_expression*)x,
+                (ast_expression*)x
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* <calllog> = log(x + <callsqrt>); */
+    vec_push(calllog->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_ADD_F,
+            (ast_expression*)x,
+            (ast_expression*)callsqrt
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return <calllog>; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)calllog
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_asinh(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float asinh(float x) {
+     *     return log(x + sqrt((x * x) + 1));
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value    = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_call     *calllog  = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "log", "asinh"));
+    ast_call     *callsqrt = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "sqrt", "asinh"));
+    ast_block    *body     = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func     = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "asinh", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+
+    /* <callsqrt> = sqrt((x * x) + 1); */
+    vec_push(callsqrt->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_ADD_F,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_MUL_F,
+                (ast_expression*)x,
+                (ast_expression*)x
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* <calllog> = log(x + <callsqrt>); */
+    vec_push(calllog->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_ADD_F,
+            (ast_expression*)x,
+            (ast_expression*)callsqrt
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return <calllog>; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)calllog
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_atanh(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float atanh(float x) {
+     *     return 0.5 * log((1 + x) / (1 - x))
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value   = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x       = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_call     *calllog = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "log", "atanh"));
+    ast_block    *body    = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func    = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "atanh", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+
+    /* <callog> = log((1 + x) / (1 - x)); */
+    vec_push(calllog->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_DIV_F,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_ADD_F,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                (ast_expression*)x
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_SUB_F,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                (ast_expression*)x
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return 0.5 * <calllog>; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_MUL_F,
+            (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(intrin->fold, 0.5, false),
+            (ast_expression*)calllog
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
 
-        /* while (y > 0) */
-        loop1 = ast_loop_new (
-            parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-            NULL,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                INSTR_GT,
-                (ast_expression*)arg2,
-                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0] /* 0 == 0.0f */
+static ast_expression *intrin_exp(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float exp(float x) {
+     *     float sum = 1.0;
+     *     float acc = 1.0;
+     *     float i;
+     *     for (i = 1; i < 200; ++i)
+     *         sum += (acc *= x / i);
+     *
+     *     return sum;
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x",   TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *sum   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "sum", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *acc   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "acc", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *i     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "i",   TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func  = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "exp", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+    vec_push(body->locals, sum);
+    vec_push(body->locals, acc);
+    vec_push(body->locals, i);
+
+    /* sum = 1.0; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)sum,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* acc = 1.0; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)acc,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * for (i = 1; i < 200; ++i)
+     *     sum += (acc *= x / i);
+     */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_loop_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            /* i = 1; */
+            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)i,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            ),
+            /* i < 200; */
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_LT,
+                (ast_expression*)i,
+                (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(intrin->fold, 200.0f, false)
             ),
             false,
             NULL,
             false,
-            NULL,
-            (ast_expression*)l1b
-        );
+            /* ++i; */
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                INSTR_ADD_F,
+                (ast_expression*)i,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            ),
+            /* sum += (acc *= (x / i)) */
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                INSTR_ADD_F,
+                (ast_expression*)sum,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_STORE_F,
+                    INSTR_MUL_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)acc,
+                    (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                        intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                        INSTR_DIV_F,
+                        (ast_expression*)x,
+                        (ast_expression*)i
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+        )
+    );
 
-        /* push the loop1 into the body for the function */
-        vec_push(body->exprs, (ast_expression*)loop1);
+    /* return sum; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)sum
+        )
+    );
 
-        /* return local; */
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                (ast_expression*)local
-            )
-        );
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
 
-        /* push block and register intrin for codegen */
-        vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
 
-        intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
-    }
+static ast_expression *intrin_exp2(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float exp2(float x) {
+     *     return pow(2, x);
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value     = NULL;
+    ast_call     *callpow   = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "pow", "exp2"));
+    ast_value    *arg1      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body      = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func      = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "exp2", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
+
+    vec_push(callpow->params, (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3]);
+    vec_push(callpow->params, (ast_expression*)arg1);
+
+    /* return <callpow> */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)callpow
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
 
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
     return (ast_expression*)value;
 }
 
-static ast_expression *intrin_mod(intrin_t *intrin) {
+static ast_expression *intrin_expm1(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float expm1(float x) {
+     *     return exp(x) - 1;
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value    = NULL;
+    ast_call     *callexp  = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "exp", "expm1"));
+    ast_value    *x        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body     = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func     = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "expm1", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, x);
+
+    /* <callexp> = exp(x); */
+    vec_push(callexp->params, (ast_expression*)x);
+
+    /* return <callexp> - 1; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_SUB_F,
+                (ast_expression*)callexp,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_pow(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     *
+     * float pow(float base, float exp) {
+     *     float result;
+     *     float low;
+     *     float high;
+     *     float mid;
+     *     float square;
+     *     float accumulate;
+     *
+     *     if (exp == 0.0)
+     *         return 1;
+     *     if (exp == 1.0)
+     *         return base;
+     *     if (exp < 0)
+     *         return 1.0 / pow(base, -exp);
+     *     if (exp >= 1) {
+     *         result = pow(base, exp / 2);
+     *         return result * result;
+     *     }
+     *
+     *     low        = 0.0f;
+     *     high       = 1.0f;
+     *     square     = sqrt(base);
+     *     accumulate = square;
+     *     mid        = high / 2.0f
+     *
+     *     while (fabs(mid - exp) > QC_POW_EPSILON) {
+     *         square = sqrt(square);
+     *         if (mid < exp) {
+     *             low         = mid;
+     *             accumulate *= square;
+     *         } else {
+     *             high        = mid;
+     *             accumulate *= (1.0f / square);
+     *         }
+     *         mid = (low + high) / 2;
+     *     }
+     *     return accumulate;
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value = NULL;
+    ast_function *func = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "pow", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    /* prepare some calls for later */
+    ast_call *callpow1  = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), (ast_expression*)value);                  /* for pow(base, -exp)    */
+    ast_call *callpow2  = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), (ast_expression*)value);                  /* for pow(vase, exp / 2) */
+    ast_call *callsqrt1 = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "sqrt", "pow")); /* for sqrt(base)         */
+    ast_call *callsqrt2 = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "sqrt", "pow")); /* for sqrt(square)       */
+    ast_call *callfabs  = ast_call_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "fabs", "pow")); /* for fabs(mid - exp)    */
+
+    /* prepare some blocks for later */
+    ast_block *expgt1       = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_block *midltexp     = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_block *midltexpelse = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_block *whileblock   = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+
+    /* float pow(float base, float exp) */
+    ast_value    *base = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "base", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *exp  = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "exp",  TYPE_FLOAT);
+    /* { */
+    ast_block    *body = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+
+    /*
+     * float result;
+     * float low;
+     * float high;
+     * float square;
+     * float accumulate;
+     * float mid;
+     */
+    ast_value *result     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "result",     TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value *low        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "low",        TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value *high       = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "high",       TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value *square     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "square",     TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value *accumulate = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "accumulate", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value *mid        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "mid",        TYPE_FLOAT);
+    vec_push(body->locals, result);
+    vec_push(body->locals, low);
+    vec_push(body->locals, high);
+    vec_push(body->locals, square);
+    vec_push(body->locals, accumulate);
+    vec_push(body->locals, mid);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, base);
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, exp);
+
+    /*
+     * if (exp == 0.0)
+     *     return 1;
+     */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_EQ_F,
+                (ast_expression*)exp,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            ),
+            NULL
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * if (exp == 1.0)
+     *     return base;
+     */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_EQ_F,
+                (ast_expression*)exp,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)base
+            ),
+            NULL
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* <callpow1> = pow(base, -exp) */
+    vec_push(callpow1->params, (ast_expression*)base);
+    vec_push(callpow1->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_unary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            VINSTR_NEG_F,
+            (ast_expression*)exp
+        )
+    );
+
     /*
-     * float mod(float x, float y) {
-     *   return x - y * floor(x / y);
+     * if (exp < 0)
+     *     return 1.0 / <callpow1>;
+     */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_LT,
+                (ast_expression*)exp,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_DIV_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                    (ast_expression*)callpow1
+                )
+            ),
+            NULL
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* <callpow2> = pow(base, exp / 2) */
+    vec_push(callpow2->params, (ast_expression*)base);
+    vec_push(callpow2->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_DIV_F,
+            (ast_expression*)exp,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3] /* 2.0f */
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * <expgt1> = {
+     *     result = <callpow2>;
+     *     return result * result;
+     * }
+     */
+    vec_push(expgt1->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)result,
+            (ast_expression*)callpow2
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(expgt1->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_MUL_F,
+                (ast_expression*)result,
+                (ast_expression*)result
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * if (exp >= 1) {
+     *     <expgt1>
      * }
      */
-    static ast_value *value = NULL;
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_GE,
+                (ast_expression*)exp,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)expgt1,
+            NULL
+        )
+    );
 
-    if (!value) {
-        ast_call     *call  = ast_call_new (parser_ctx(intrin->parser), intrin_func(intrin, "floor"));
-        ast_value    *arg1  = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_value    *arg2  = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "y", TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_block    *body  = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser));
-        ast_function *func  = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "mod", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    /*
+     * <callsqrt1> = sqrt(base)
+     */
+    vec_push(callsqrt1->params, (ast_expression*)base);
 
-        /* floor(x/y) */
-        vec_push(call->params,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new (
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
+    /*
+     * low        = 0.0f;
+     * high       = 1.0f;
+     * square     = sqrt(base);
+     * accumulate = square;
+     * mid        = high / 2.0f;
+     */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)low,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)high,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)square,
+            (ast_expression*)callsqrt1
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)accumulate,
+            (ast_expression*)square
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)mid,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
                 INSTR_DIV_F,
-                (ast_expression*)arg1,
-                (ast_expression*)arg2
+                (ast_expression*)high,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3] /* 2.0f */
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
 
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
+    /*
+     * <midltexp> = {
+     *     low         = mid;
+     *     accumulate *= square;
+     * }
+     */
+    vec_push(midltexp->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)low,
+            (ast_expression*)mid
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(midltexp->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            INSTR_MUL_F,
+            (ast_expression*)accumulate,
+            (ast_expression*)square
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * <midltexpelse> = {
+     *     high        = mid;
+     *     accumulate *= (1.0 / square);
+     * }
+     */
+    vec_push(midltexpelse->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)high,
+            (ast_expression*)mid
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(midltexpelse->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            INSTR_MUL_F,
+            (ast_expression*)accumulate,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_DIV_F,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                (ast_expression*)square
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * <callsqrt2> = sqrt(square)
+     */
+    vec_push(callsqrt2->params, (ast_expression*)square);
+
+    /*
+     * <whileblock> = {
+     *     square = <callsqrt2>;
+     *     if (mid < exp)
+     *          <midltexp>;
+     *     else
+     *          <midltexpelse>;
+     *
+     *     mid = (low + high) / 2;
+     * }
+     */
+    vec_push(whileblock->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)square,
+            (ast_expression*)callsqrt2
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(whileblock->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_LT,
+                (ast_expression*)mid,
+                (ast_expression*)exp
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)midltexp,
+            (ast_expression*)midltexpelse
+        )
+    );
+    vec_push(whileblock->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)mid,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_DIV_F,
                 (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
-                    parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                    INSTR_SUB_F,
-                    (ast_expression*)arg1,
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_ADD_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)low,
+                    (ast_expression*)high
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3] /* 2.0f */
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * <callabs> = fabs(mid - exp)
+     */
+    vec_push(callfabs->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_SUB_F,
+            (ast_expression*)mid,
+            (ast_expression*)exp
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * while (<callfabs>  > epsilon)
+     *     <whileblock>
+     */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_loop_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            /* init */
+            NULL,
+            /* pre condition */
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_GT,
+                (ast_expression*)callfabs,
+                (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(intrin->fold, QC_POW_EPSILON, false)
+            ),
+            /* pre not */
+            false,
+            /* post condition */
+            NULL,
+            /* post not */
+            false,
+            /* increment expression */
+            NULL,
+            /* code block */
+            (ast_expression*)whileblock
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return accumulate */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)accumulate
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* } */
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_mod(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float mod(float a, float b) {
+     *     float div = a / b;
+     *     float sign = (div < 0.0f) ? -1 : 1;
+     *     return a - b * sign * floor(sign * div);
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value = NULL;
+    ast_call     *call  = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "floor", "mod"));
+    ast_value    *a     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "a",    TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *b     = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "b",    TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *div   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "div",  TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *sign  = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "sign", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func  = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "mod", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, a);
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, b);
+
+    vec_push(body->locals, div);
+    vec_push(body->locals, sign);
+
+    /* div = a / b; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)div,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_DIV_F,
+                (ast_expression*)a,
+                (ast_expression*)b
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* sign = (div < 0.0f) ? -1 : 1; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)sign,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_LT,
+                    (ast_expression*)div,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[2],
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* floor(sign * div) */
+    vec_push(call->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_MUL_F,
+            (ast_expression*)sign,
+            (ast_expression*)div
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return a - b * sign * <call> */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_SUB_F,
+                (ast_expression*)a,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_MUL_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)b,
                     (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
-                        parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
+                        intrin_ctx(intrin),
                         INSTR_MUL_F,
-                        (ast_expression*)arg2,
+                        (ast_expression*)sign,
                         (ast_expression*)call
                     )
                 )
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
 
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1); /* float x (for param) */
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg2); /* float y (for param) */
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
 
-        vec_push(func->blocks,             body); /* {{{ body }}} */
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
 
-        intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
-    }
+static ast_expression *intrin_fabs(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float fabs(float x) {
+     *     return x < 0 ? -x : x;
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_value    *arg1   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "fabs", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_LE,
+                    (ast_expression*)arg1,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_unary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    VINSTR_NEG_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)arg1
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)arg1
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
 
     return (ast_expression*)value;
 }
 
-static ast_expression *intrin_exp(intrin_t *intrin) {
+static ast_expression *intrin_epsilon(intrin_t *intrin) {
     /*
-     * float exp(float x) {
-     *     return pow(QC_M_E, x);
+     * float epsilon(void) {
+     *     float eps = 1.0f;
+     *     do { eps /= 2.0f; } while ((1.0f + (eps / 2.0f)) != 1.0f);
+     *     return eps;
      * }
      */
-    static ast_value *value = NULL;
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_value    *eps    = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "eps", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "epsilon", TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(body->locals, eps);
+
+    /* eps = 1.0f; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)eps,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_loop_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            NULL,
+            NULL,
+            false,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_NE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_ADD_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                    (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                        intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                        INSTR_MUL_F,
+                        (ast_expression*)eps,
+                        (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3] /* 2.0f */
+                    )
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+            ),
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                INSTR_DIV_F,
+                (ast_expression*)eps,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3] /* 2.0f */
+            )
+        )
+    );
 
-    if (!value) {
-        ast_call     *call = ast_call_new (parser_ctx(intrin->parser), intrin_func(intrin, "pow"));
-        ast_value    *arg1 = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_block    *body = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser));
-        ast_function *func = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "exp", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    /* return eps; */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)eps
+        )
+    );
 
-        /* push arguments for params to call */
-        vec_push(call->params, (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(intrin->fold, QC_M_E));
-        vec_push(call->params, (ast_expression*)arg1);
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
 
-        /* return pow(QC_M_E, x) */
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                (ast_expression*)call
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_nan(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float nan(void) {
+     *     float x = 0.0f;
+     *     return x / x;
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "nan", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *block  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+
+    vec_push(block->locals, x);
+
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)x,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_DIV_F,
+                (ast_expression*)x,
+                (ast_expression*)x
             )
-        );
+        )
+    );
 
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1); /* float x (for param) */
+    vec_push(func->blocks, block);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
 
-        vec_push(func->blocks,             body); /* {{{ body }}} */
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
 
-        intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+static ast_expression *intrin_inf(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /*
+     * float inf(void) {
+     *     float x = 1.0f;
+     *     float y = 0.0f;
+     *     return x / y;
+     * }
+     */
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_value    *x      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *y      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "y", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "inf", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *block  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    size_t        i;
+
+    vec_push(block->locals, x);
+    vec_push(block->locals, y);
+
+    /* to keep code size down */
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(block->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)((i == 0) ? x : y),
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[i]
+            )
+        );
     }
 
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_DIV_F,
+                (ast_expression*)x,
+                (ast_expression*)y
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, block);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+
     return (ast_expression*)value;
 }
 
-static ast_expression *intrin_isnan(intrin_t *intrin) {
+static ast_expression *intrin_ln(intrin_t *intrin) {
     /*
-     * float isnan(float x) {
-     *   float local;
-     *   local = x;
+     * float log(float power, float base) {
+     *   float whole;
+     *   float nth
+     *   float sign = 1.0f;
+     *   float eps  = epsilon();
      *
-     *   return (x != local);
+     *   if (power <= 1.0f || bbase <= 1.0) {
+     *       if (power <= 0.0f || base <= 0.0f)
+     *           return nan();
+     *
+     *       if (power < 1.0f) {
+     *           power = 1.0f / power;
+     *           sign *= -1.0f;
+     *       }
+     *
+     *       if (base < 1.0f) {
+     *           sign *= -1.0f;
+     *           base  = 1.0f / base;
+     *       }
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   float A_i       = 1;
+     *   float B_i       = 0;
+     *   float A_iminus1 = 0;
+     *   float B_iminus1 = 1;
+     *
+     *   for (;;) {
+     *       whole = power;
+     *       nth   = 0.0f;
+     *
+     *       while (whole >= base) {
+     *           float base2    = base;
+     *           float n2       = 1.0f;
+     *           float newbase2 = base2 * base2;
+     *
+     *           while (whole >= newbase2) {
+     *               base2     = newbase2;
+     *               n2       *= 2;
+     *               newbase2 *= newbase2;
+     *           }
+     *
+     *           whole /= base2;
+     *           nth += n2;
+     *       }
+     *
+     *       float b_iplus1 = n;
+     *       float A_iplus1 = b_iplus1 * A_i + A_iminus1;
+     *       float B_iplus1 = b_iplus1 * B_i + B_iminus1;
+     *
+     *       A_iminus1 = A_i;
+     *       B_iminus1 = B_i;
+     *       A_i       = A_iplus1;
+     *       B_i       = B_iplus1;
+     *
+     *       if (whole <= 1.0f + eps)
+     *           break;
+     *
+     *       power = base;
+     *       bower = whole;
+     *   }
+     *   return sign * A_i / B_i;
      * }
      */
-    static ast_value *value = NULL;
 
-    if (!value) {
-        ast_value    *arg1   = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "x",     TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_value    *local  = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "local", TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser));
-        ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "isnan", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *value      = NULL;
+    ast_value    *power      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "power",     TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *base       = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "base",      TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *whole      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "whole",     TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *nth        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "nth",       TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *sign       = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "sign",      TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *A_i        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "A_i",       TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *B_i        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "B_i",       TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *A_iminus1  = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "A_iminus1", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *B_iminus1  = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "B_iminus1", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *b_iplus1   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "b_iplus1",  TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *A_iplus1   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "A_iplus1",  TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *B_iplus1   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "B_iplus1",  TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *eps        = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "eps",       TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *base2      = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "base2",     TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *n2         = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "n2",        TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *newbase2   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "newbase2",  TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *block      = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_block    *plt1orblt1 = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin)); /* (power <= 1.0f || base <= 1.0f) */
+    ast_block    *plt1       = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin)); /* (power < 1.0f) */
+    ast_block    *blt1       = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin)); /* (base  < 1.0f) */
+    ast_block    *forloop    = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin)); /* for(;;) */
+    ast_block    *whileloop  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin)); /* while (whole >= base) */
+    ast_block    *nestwhile  = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin)); /* while (whole >= newbase2) */
+    ast_function *func       = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "ln", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    size_t        i;
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, power);
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, base);
+
+    vec_push(block->locals, whole);
+    vec_push(block->locals, nth);
+    vec_push(block->locals, sign);
+    vec_push(block->locals, eps);
+    vec_push(block->locals, A_i);
+    vec_push(block->locals, B_i);
+    vec_push(block->locals, A_iminus1);
+    vec_push(block->locals, B_iminus1);
+
+    /* sign = 1.0f; */
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)sign,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* eps = __builtin_epsilon(); */
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)eps,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_call_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                intrin_func_self(intrin, "__builtin_epsilon", "ln")
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /*
+     * A_i       = 1;
+     * B_i       = 0;
+     * A_iminus1 = 0;
+     * B_iminus1 = 1;
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        int j;
+        for (j = 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+            vec_push(block->exprs,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_STORE_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)((j) ? ((i) ? B_iminus1 : A_i)
+                                          : ((i) ? A_iminus1 : B_i)),
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[j]
+                )
+            );
+        }
+    }
 
-        vec_push(body->locals, local);
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
+    /*
+     * <plt1> = {
+     *     power = 1.0f / power;
+     *     sign *= -1.0f;
+     * }
+     * <blt1> = {
+     *     base  = 1.0f / base;
+     *     sign *= -1.0f;
+     * }
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(((i) ? blt1 : plt1)->exprs,
             (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
                 INSTR_STORE_F,
-                (ast_expression*)local,
-                (ast_expression*)arg1
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? base : power),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_DIV_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                    (ast_expression*)((i) ? base : power)
+                )
             )
         );
+        vec_push(plt1->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                INSTR_MUL_F,
+                (ast_expression*)sign,
+                (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[2]
+            )
+        );
+    }
 
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
+    /*
+     * <plt1orblt1> = {
+     *     if (power <= 0.0 || base <= 0.0f)
+     *         return __builtin_nan();
+     *     if (power < 1.0f)
+     *         <plt1>
+     *     if (base < 1.0f)
+     *         <blt1>
+     * }
+     */
+    vec_push(plt1orblt1->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_OR,
                 (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
-                    parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                    INSTR_NE_F,
-                    (ast_expression*)arg1,
-                    (ast_expression*)local
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_LE,
+                    (ast_expression*)power,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_LE,
+                    (ast_expression*)base,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+                )
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_call_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    intrin_func_self(intrin, "__builtin_nan", "ln")
                 )
+            ),
+            NULL
+        )
+    );
+
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(plt1orblt1->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_LT,
+                    (ast_expression*)((i) ? base : power),
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+                ),
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? blt1 : plt1),
+                NULL
             )
         );
-
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
-        vec_push(func->blocks, body);
-
-        intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
     }
 
-    return (ast_expression*)value;
-}
+    vec_push(block->exprs, (ast_expression*)plt1orblt1);
+
+
+    /* whole = power; */
+    vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)whole,
+            (ast_expression*)power
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* nth = 0.0f; */
+    vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)nth,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* base2 = base; */
+    vec_push(whileloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)base2,
+            (ast_expression*)base
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* n2 = 1.0f; */
+    vec_push(whileloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)n2,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1]
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* newbase2 = base2 * base2; */
+    vec_push(whileloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)newbase2,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_MUL_F,
+                (ast_expression*)base2,
+                (ast_expression*)base2
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* while loop locals */
+    vec_push(whileloop->locals, base2);
+    vec_push(whileloop->locals, n2);
+    vec_push(whileloop->locals, newbase2);
+
+    /* base2 = newbase2; */
+    vec_push(nestwhile->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)base2,
+            (ast_expression*)newbase2
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* n2 *= 2; */
+    vec_push(nestwhile->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            INSTR_MUL_F,
+            (ast_expression*)n2,
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3] /* 2.0f */
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* newbase2 *= newbase2; */
+    vec_push(nestwhile->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            INSTR_MUL_F,
+            (ast_expression*)newbase2,
+            (ast_expression*)newbase2
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* while (whole >= newbase2) */
+    vec_push(whileloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_loop_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            NULL,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_GE,
+                (ast_expression*)whole,
+                (ast_expression*)newbase2
+            ),
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            (ast_expression*)nestwhile
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* whole /= base2; */
+    vec_push(whileloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            INSTR_DIV_F,
+            (ast_expression*)whole,
+            (ast_expression*)base2
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* nth += n2; */
+    vec_push(whileloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binstore_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            INSTR_ADD_F,
+            (ast_expression*)nth,
+            (ast_expression*)n2
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* while (whole >= base) */
+    vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_loop_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            NULL,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_GE,
+                (ast_expression*)whole,
+                (ast_expression*)base
+            ),
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            (ast_expression*)whileloop
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(forloop->locals, b_iplus1);
+    vec_push(forloop->locals, A_iplus1);
+    vec_push(forloop->locals, B_iplus1);
+
+    /* b_iplus1 = nth; */
+    vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            INSTR_STORE_F,
+            (ast_expression*)b_iplus1,
+            (ast_expression*)nth
+        )
+    );
 
-static ast_expression *intrin_fabs(intrin_t *intrin) {
     /*
-     * float fabs(float x) {
-     *     return x < 0 ? -x : x;
-     * }
+     * A_iplus1 = b_iplus1 * A_i + A_iminus1;
+     * B_iplus1 = b_iplus1 * B_i + B_iminus1;
      */
-    static ast_value *value = NULL;
-    if (!value) {
-        ast_value    *arg1   = ast_value_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser), "x",     TYPE_FLOAT);
-        ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(parser_ctx(intrin->parser));
-        ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, "fabs", TYPE_FLOAT);
-
-        vec_push(body->exprs,
-            (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
-                parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                (ast_expression*)ast_ternary_new(
-                    parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                    (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
-                        parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                        INSTR_LE,
-                        (ast_expression*)arg1,
-                        (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0]
-                    ),
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? B_iplus1 : A_iplus1),
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_ADD_F,
                     (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
-                        parser_ctx(intrin->parser),
-                        INSTR_SUB_F,
-                        (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[0],
-                        (ast_expression*)arg1
+                        intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                        INSTR_MUL_F,
+                        (ast_expression*)b_iplus1,
+                        (ast_expression*) ((i) ? B_i : A_i)
                     ),
-                    (ast_expression*)arg1
+                    (ast_expression*)((i) ? B_iminus1 : A_iminus1)
                 )
             )
         );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A_iminus1 = A_i;
+     * B_iminus1 = B_i;
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? B_iminus1 : A_iminus1),
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? B_i       : A_i)
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * A_i = A_iplus1;
+     * B_i = B_iplus1;
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? B_i      : A_i),
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? B_iplus1 : A_iplus1)
+            )
+        );
+    }
 
-        vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
-        vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    /*
+     * if (whole <= 1.0f + eps)
+     *     break;
+     */
+    vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_ifthen_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_LE,
+                (ast_expression*)whole,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_ADD_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+                    (ast_expression*)eps
+                )
+            ),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_breakcont_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                false,
+                0
+            ),
+            NULL
+        )
+    );
 
-        intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    /*
+     * power = base;
+     * base  = whole;
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        vec_push(forloop->exprs,
+            (ast_expression*)ast_store_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_STORE_F,
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? base  : power),
+                (ast_expression*)((i) ? whole : base)
+            )
+        );
     }
 
+    /* add the for loop block */
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_loop_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            NULL,
+            /* for(; 1; ) ?? (can this be NULL too?) */
+            (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[1],
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            false,
+            NULL,
+            (ast_expression*)forloop
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return sign * A_i / B_il */
+    vec_push(block->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                INSTR_MUL_F,
+                (ast_expression*)sign,
+                (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+                    intrin_ctx(intrin),
+                    INSTR_DIV_F,
+                    (ast_expression*)A_i,
+                    (ast_expression*)B_i
+                )
+            )
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, block);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_log_variant(intrin_t *intrin, const char *name, float base) {
+    ast_value    *value  = NULL;
+    ast_call     *callln = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "__builtin_ln", name));
+    ast_value    *arg1   = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "x", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body   = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func   = intrin_value(intrin, &value, name, TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, arg1);
+
+    vec_push(callln->params, (ast_expression*)arg1);
+    vec_push(callln->params, (ast_expression*)fold_constgen_float(intrin->fold, base, false));
+
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)callln
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
+    return (ast_expression*)value;
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_log(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    return intrin_log_variant(intrin, "log", 2.7182818284590452354);
+}
+static ast_expression *intrin_log10(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    return intrin_log_variant(intrin, "log10", 10);
+}
+static ast_expression *intrin_log2(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    return intrin_log_variant(intrin, "log2", 2);
+}
+static ast_expression *intrin_logb(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    /* FLT_RADIX == 2 for now */
+    return intrin_log_variant(intrin, "log2", 2);
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_shift_variant(intrin_t *intrin, const char *name, size_t instr) {
+    /*
+     * float [shift] (float a, float b) {
+     *   return floor(a [instr] pow(2, b));
+     */
+    ast_value    *value     = NULL;
+    ast_call     *callpow   = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "pow", name));
+    ast_call     *callfloor = ast_call_new (intrin_ctx(intrin), intrin_func_self(intrin, "floor", name));
+    ast_value    *a         = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "a", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_value    *b         = ast_value_new(intrin_ctx(intrin), "b", TYPE_FLOAT);
+    ast_block    *body      = ast_block_new(intrin_ctx(intrin));
+    ast_function *func      = intrin_value(intrin, &value, name, TYPE_FLOAT);
+
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, a);
+    vec_push(value->expression.params, b);
+
+    /* <callpow> = pow(2, b) */
+    vec_push(callpow->params, (ast_expression*)intrin->fold->imm_float[3]);
+    vec_push(callpow->params, (ast_expression*)b);
+
+    /* <callfloor> = floor(a [instr] <callpow>) */
+    vec_push(
+        callfloor->params,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_binary_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            instr,
+            (ast_expression*)a,
+            (ast_expression*)callpow
+        )
+    );
+
+    /* return <callfloor> */
+    vec_push(body->exprs,
+        (ast_expression*)ast_return_new(
+            intrin_ctx(intrin),
+            (ast_expression*)callfloor
+        )
+    );
+
+    vec_push(func->blocks, body);
+    intrin_reg(intrin, value, func);
     return (ast_expression*)value;
 }
 
+static ast_expression *intrin_lshift(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    return intrin_shift_variant(intrin, "lshift", INSTR_MUL_F);
+}
+
+static ast_expression *intrin_rshift(intrin_t *intrin) {
+    return intrin_shift_variant(intrin, "rshift", INSTR_DIV_F);
+}
+
 /*
  * TODO: make static (and handle ast_type_string) here for the builtin
  * instead of in SYA parse close.
@@ -393,12 +2001,32 @@ ast_expression *intrin_debug_typestring(intrin_t *intrin) {
 }
 
 static const intrin_func_t intrinsics[] = {
-    {&intrin_exp,              "__builtin_exp",              "exp",   1},
-    {&intrin_mod,              "__builtin_mod",              "mod",   2},
-    {&intrin_pow,              "__builtin_pow",              "pow",   2},
-    {&intrin_isnan,            "__builtin_isnan",            "isnan", 1},
-    {&intrin_fabs,             "__builtin_fabs",             "fabs",  1},
-    {&intrin_debug_typestring, "__builtin_debug_typestring", "",      0}
+    {&intrin_isfinite,         "__builtin_isfinite",         "isfinite", 1},
+    {&intrin_isinf,            "__builtin_isinf",            "isinf",    1},
+    {&intrin_isnan,            "__builtin_isnan",            "isnan",    1},
+    {&intrin_isnormal,         "__builtin_isnormal",         "isnormal", 1},
+    {&intrin_signbit,          "__builtin_signbit",          "signbit",  1},
+    {&intrin_acosh,            "__builtin_acosh",            "acosh",    1},
+    {&intrin_asinh,            "__builtin_asinh",            "asinh",    1},
+    {&intrin_atanh,            "__builtin_atanh",            "atanh",    1},
+    {&intrin_exp,              "__builtin_exp",              "exp",      1},
+    {&intrin_exp2,             "__builtin_exp2",             "exp2",     1},
+    {&intrin_expm1,            "__builtin_expm1",            "expm1",    1},
+    {&intrin_mod,              "__builtin_mod",              "mod",      2},
+    {&intrin_pow,              "__builtin_pow",              "pow",      2},
+    {&intrin_fabs,             "__builtin_fabs",             "fabs",     1},
+    {&intrin_log,              "__builtin_log",              "log",      1},
+    {&intrin_log10,            "__builtin_log10",            "log10",    1},
+    {&intrin_log2,             "__builtin_log2",             "log2",     1},
+    {&intrin_logb,             "__builtin_logb",             "logb",     1},
+    {&intrin_lshift,           "__builtin_lshift",           "",         2},
+    {&intrin_rshift,           "__builtin_rshift",           "",         2},
+    {&intrin_epsilon,          "__builtin_epsilon",          "",         0},
+    {&intrin_nan,              "__builtin_nan",              "",         0},
+    {&intrin_inf,              "__builtin_inf",              "",         0},
+    {&intrin_ln,               "__builtin_ln",               "",         2},
+    {&intrin_debug_typestring, "__builtin_debug_typestring", "",         0},
+    {&intrin_nullfunc,         "#nullfunc",                  "",         0}
 };
 
 static void intrin_error(intrin_t *intrin, const char *fmt, ...) {
@@ -411,56 +2039,75 @@ static void intrin_error(intrin_t *intrin, const char *fmt, ...) {
 /* exposed */
 intrin_t *intrin_init(parser_t *parser) {
     intrin_t *intrin = (intrin_t*)mem_a(sizeof(intrin_t));
+    size_t    i;
+
     intrin->parser     = parser;
     intrin->fold       = parser->fold;
     intrin->intrinsics = NULL;
+    intrin->generated  = NULL;
+
+    vec_append(intrin->intrinsics, GMQCC_ARRAY_COUNT(intrinsics), intrinsics);
 
-    vec_append(intrin->intrinsics, sizeof(intrinsics)/sizeof(*intrinsics), intrinsics);
+    /* populate with null pointers for tracking generation */
+    for (i = 0; i < GMQCC_ARRAY_COUNT(intrinsics); i++)
+        vec_push(intrin->generated, NULL);
 
     return intrin;
 }
 
 void intrin_cleanup(intrin_t *intrin) {
     vec_free(intrin->intrinsics);
+    vec_free(intrin->generated);
     mem_d(intrin);
 }
 
 ast_expression *intrin_fold(intrin_t *intrin, ast_value *value, ast_expression **exprs) {
     size_t i;
-
     if (!value || !value->name)
         return NULL;
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(intrin->intrinsics); i++)
+        if (!strcmp(value->name, intrin->intrinsics[i].name))
+            return (vec_size(exprs) != intrin->intrinsics[i].args)
+                        ? NULL
+                        : fold_intrin(intrin->fold, value->name + 10, exprs);
+    return NULL;
+}
 
+static GMQCC_INLINE ast_expression *intrin_func_try(intrin_t *intrin, size_t offset, const char *compare) {
+    size_t i;
     for (i = 0; i < vec_size(intrin->intrinsics); i++) {
-        if (!strcmp(value->name, intrin->intrinsics[i].name)) {
-            if (intrin->intrinsics[i].args != vec_size(exprs))
-                return NULL;
-            /* +10 to skip the "__builtin_" substring in the string */
-            return fold_intrin(intrin->fold, value->name + 10, exprs);
-        }
+        if (strcmp(*(char **)((char *)&intrin->intrinsics[i] + offset), compare))
+            continue;
+        if (intrin->generated[i])
+            return intrin->generated[i];
+        return intrin->generated[i] = intrin->intrinsics[i].intrin(intrin);
     }
-
     return NULL;
 }
 
-ast_expression *intrin_func(intrin_t *intrin, const char *name) {
-    size_t       i    = 0;
-    void        *find;
+static ast_expression *intrin_func_self(intrin_t *intrin, const char *name, const char *from) {
+    size_t           i;
+    ast_expression  *find;
 
     /* try current first */
-    if ((find = (void*)parser_find_global(intrin->parser, name)) && ((ast_value*)find)->expression.vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION)
+    if ((find = parser_find_global(intrin->parser, name)) && ((ast_value*)find)->expression.vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION)
         for (i = 0; i < vec_size(intrin->parser->functions); ++i)
             if (((ast_value*)find)->name && !strcmp(intrin->parser->functions[i]->name, ((ast_value*)find)->name) && intrin->parser->functions[i]->builtin < 0)
-                return (ast_expression*)find;
+                return find;
     /* try name second */
-    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(intrin->intrinsics); i++)
-        if (!strcmp(intrin->intrinsics[i].name, name))
-            return intrin->intrinsics[i].intrin(intrin);
+    if ((find = intrin_func_try(intrin, offsetof(intrin_func_t, name),  name)))
+        return find;
     /* try alias third */
-    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(intrin->intrinsics); i++)
-        if (!strcmp(intrin->intrinsics[i].alias, name))
-            return intrin->intrinsics[i].intrin(intrin);
+    if ((find = intrin_func_try(intrin, offsetof(intrin_func_t, alias), name)))
+        return find;
 
-    intrin_error(intrin, "need function: `%s` compiler depends on it", name);
+    if (from) {
+        intrin_error(intrin, "need function `%s', compiler depends on it for `__builtin_%s'", name, from);
+        return intrin_func_self(intrin, "#nullfunc", NULL);
+    }
     return NULL;
 }
+
+ast_expression *intrin_func(intrin_t *intrin, const char *name) {
+    return intrin_func_self(intrin, name, NULL);
+}