]> git.xonotic.org Git - xonotic/darkplaces.git/blobdiff - gl_rmain.c
reduced memory usage by around 20MB (no longer allocates interleaved
[xonotic/darkplaces.git] / gl_rmain.c
index e8f90ad3409b30195abb942a383cc87be8d0c495..86650bccc3a995581576f132e7e9333494a49b13 100644 (file)
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ cvar_t r_overheadsprites_scaley = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_overheadsprites_scaley", "1", "
 cvar_t r_glsl_saturation = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_glsl_saturation", "1", "saturation multiplier (only working in glsl!)"};
 cvar_t r_glsl_saturation_redcompensate = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_glsl_saturation_redcompensate", "0", "a 'vampire sight' addition to desaturation effect, does compensation for red color, r_glsl_restart is required"};
 
-cvar_t r_framedatasize = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_framedatasize", "1", "size of renderer data cache used during one frame (for skeletal animation caching, light processing, etc)"};
+cvar_t r_framedatasize = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_framedatasize", "0.5", "size of renderer data cache used during one frame (for skeletal animation caching, light processing, etc)"};
 
 extern cvar_t v_glslgamma;
 
@@ -5275,7 +5275,6 @@ extern rtexture_t *r_shadow_prepassgeometrynormalmaptexture;
 extern rtexture_t *r_shadow_prepassgeometrydepthcolortexture;
 extern rtexture_t *r_shadow_prepasslightingdiffusetexture;
 extern rtexture_t *r_shadow_prepasslightingspeculartexture;
-extern cvar_t gl_mesh_separatearrays;
 static qboolean R_BlendFuncAllowsColormod(int src, int dst)
 {
        // a blendfunc allows colormod if:
@@ -5873,7 +5872,7 @@ void R_SetupShader_Surface(const vec3_t lightcolorbase, qboolean modellighting,
                Con_DPrintf("FIXME D3D11 %s:%i %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__);
                break;
        case RENDERPATH_GL20:
-               if (gl_mesh_separatearrays.integer)
+               if (!vid.useinterleavedarrays)
                {
                        RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR | (rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f ? BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR : 0) | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | (rsurface.uselightmaptexture ? BATCHNEED_ARRAY_LIGHTMAP : 0), texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
                        R_Mesh_VertexPointer(     3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer, rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset);
@@ -6025,7 +6024,7 @@ void R_SetupShader_Surface(const vec3_t lightcolorbase, qboolean modellighting,
                break;
        case RENDERPATH_CGGL:
 #ifdef SUPPORTCG
-               if (gl_mesh_separatearrays.integer)
+               if (!vid.useinterleavedarrays)
                {
                        RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR | (rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f ? BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR : 0) | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | (rsurface.uselightmaptexture ? BATCHNEED_ARRAY_LIGHTMAP : 0), texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
                        R_Mesh_VertexPointer(     3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer, rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset);
@@ -7648,67 +7647,112 @@ int R_CullBoxCustomPlanes(const vec3_t mins, const vec3_t maxs, int numplanes, c
 
 // LordHavoc: this stores temporary data used within the same frame
 
-qboolean r_framedata_failed;
-static size_t r_framedata_size;
-static size_t r_framedata_current;
-static void *r_framedata_base;
+typedef struct r_framedata_mem_s
+{
+       struct r_framedata_mem_s *purge; // older mem block to free on next frame
+       size_t size; // how much usable space
+       size_t current; // how much space in use
+       size_t mark; // last "mark" location, temporary memory can be freed by returning to this
+       size_t wantedsize; // how much space was allocated
+       unsigned char *data; // start of real data (16byte aligned)
+}
+r_framedata_mem_t;
+
+static r_framedata_mem_t *r_framedata_mem;
 
 void R_FrameData_Reset(void)
 {
-       if (r_framedata_base)
-               Mem_Free(r_framedata_base);
-       r_framedata_base = NULL;
-       r_framedata_size = 0;
-       r_framedata_current = 0;
-       r_framedata_failed = false;
+       while (r_framedata_mem)
+       {
+               r_framedata_mem_t *next = r_framedata_mem->purge;
+               Mem_Free(r_framedata_mem);
+               r_framedata_mem = next;
+       }
 }
 
-void R_FrameData_NewFrame(void)
+void R_FrameData_Resize(void)
 {
        size_t wantedsize;
-       if (r_framedata_failed)
-               Cvar_SetValueQuick(&r_framedatasize, r_framedatasize.value + 1.0f);
        wantedsize = (size_t)(r_framedatasize.value * 1024*1024);
-       wantedsize = bound(65536, wantedsize, 128*1024*1024);
-       if (r_framedata_size != wantedsize)
+       wantedsize = bound(65536, wantedsize, 1000*1024*1024);
+       if (!r_framedata_mem || r_framedata_mem->wantedsize != wantedsize)
+       {
+               r_framedata_mem_t *newmem = Mem_Alloc(r_main_mempool, wantedsize);
+               newmem->wantedsize = wantedsize;
+               newmem->data = (unsigned char *)(((size_t)(newmem+1) + 15) & ~15);
+               newmem->size = (unsigned char *)newmem + wantedsize - newmem->data;
+               newmem->current = 0;
+               newmem->mark = 0;
+               newmem->purge = r_framedata_mem;
+               r_framedata_mem = newmem;
+       }
+}
+
+void R_FrameData_NewFrame(void)
+{
+       R_FrameData_Resize();
+       if (!r_framedata_mem)
+               return;
+       // if we ran out of space on the last frame, free the old memory now
+       while (r_framedata_mem->purge)
        {
-               r_framedata_size = wantedsize;
-               if (r_framedata_base)
-                       Mem_Free(r_framedata_base);
-               r_framedata_base = Mem_Alloc(r_main_mempool, r_framedata_size);
+               // repeatedly remove the second item in the list, leaving only head
+               r_framedata_mem_t *next = r_framedata_mem->purge->purge;
+               Mem_Free(r_framedata_mem->purge);
+               r_framedata_mem->purge = next;
        }
-       r_framedata_current = 0;
-       r_framedata_failed = false;
+       // reset the current mem pointer
+       r_framedata_mem->current = 0;
+       r_framedata_mem->mark = 0;
 }
 
 void *R_FrameData_Alloc(size_t size)
 {
        void *data;
 
-       // align to 16 byte boundary
+       // align to 16 byte boundary - the data pointer is already aligned, so we
+       // only need to ensure the size of every allocation is also aligned
        size = (size + 15) & ~15;
-       data = (void *)((unsigned char*)r_framedata_base + r_framedata_current);
-       r_framedata_current += size;
 
-       // check overflow
-       if (r_framedata_current > r_framedata_size)
-               r_framedata_failed = true;
+       while (!r_framedata_mem || r_framedata_mem->current + size > r_framedata_mem->size)
+       {
+               // emergency - we ran out of space, allocate more memory
+               Cvar_SetValueQuick(&r_framedatasize, bound(0.25f, r_framedatasize.value * 2.0f, 128.0f));
+               R_FrameData_Resize();
+       }
 
-       // return NULL on everything after a failure
-       if (r_framedata_failed)
-               return NULL;
+       data = r_framedata_mem->data + r_framedata_mem->current;
+       r_framedata_mem->current += size;
 
-       return data;
+       // count the usage for stats
+       r_refdef.stats.framedatacurrent = max(r_refdef.stats.framedatacurrent, (int)r_framedata_mem->current);
+       r_refdef.stats.framedatasize = max(r_refdef.stats.framedatasize, (int)r_framedata_mem->size);
+
+       return (void *)data;
 }
 
 void *R_FrameData_Store(size_t size, void *data)
 {
        void *d = R_FrameData_Alloc(size);
-       if (d)
+       if (d && data)
                memcpy(d, data, size);
        return d;
 }
 
+void R_FrameData_SetMark(void)
+{
+       if (!r_framedata_mem)
+               return;
+       r_framedata_mem->mark = r_framedata_mem->current;
+}
+
+void R_FrameData_ReturnToMark(void)
+{
+       if (!r_framedata_mem)
+               return;
+       r_framedata_mem->current = r_framedata_mem->mark;
+}
+
 //==================================================================================
 
 // LordHavoc: animcache originally written by Echon, rewritten since then
@@ -7734,9 +7778,8 @@ void R_AnimCache_ClearCache(void)
                ent->animcache_normal3f = NULL;
                ent->animcache_svector3f = NULL;
                ent->animcache_tvector3f = NULL;
-               ent->animcache_vertexposition = NULL;
                ent->animcache_vertexmesh = NULL;
-               ent->animcache_vertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+               ent->animcache_vertex3fbuffer = NULL;
                ent->animcache_vertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
        }
 }
@@ -7745,53 +7788,13 @@ void R_AnimCache_UpdateEntityMeshBuffers(entity_render_t *ent, int numvertices)
 {
        int i;
 
-       // identical memory layout, so no need to allocate...
-       // this also provides the vertexposition structure to everything, e.g.
-       // depth masked rendering currently uses it even if having separate
-       // arrays
-       // NOTE: get rid of this optimization if changing it to e.g. 4f
-       ent->animcache_vertexposition = (r_vertexposition_t *)ent->animcache_vertex3f;
-
-       // TODO:
-       // get rid of following uses of VERTEXPOSITION, change to the array:
-       // R_DrawTextureSurfaceList_Sky if skyrendermasked
-       // R_DrawSurface_TransparentCallback if r_transparentdepthmasking.integer
-       // R_DrawTextureSurfaceList_DepthOnly
-       // R_Q1BSP_DrawShadowMap
-
-       switch(vid.renderpath)
-       {
-       case RENDERPATH_GL20:
-       case RENDERPATH_CGGL:
-               // need the meshbuffers if !gl_mesh_separatearrays.integer
-               if (gl_mesh_separatearrays.integer)
-                       return;
-               break;
-       case RENDERPATH_D3D9:
-       case RENDERPATH_D3D10:
-       case RENDERPATH_D3D11:
-               // always need the meshbuffers
-               break;
-       case RENDERPATH_GL13:
-       case RENDERPATH_GL11:
-               // never need the meshbuffers
+       // check if we need the meshbuffers
+       if (!vid.useinterleavedarrays)
                return;
-       }
 
        if (!ent->animcache_vertexmesh && ent->animcache_normal3f)
                ent->animcache_vertexmesh = (r_vertexmesh_t *)R_FrameData_Alloc(sizeof(r_vertexmesh_t)*numvertices);
-       /*
-       if (!ent->animcache_vertexposition)
-               ent->animcache_vertexposition = (r_vertexposition_t *)R_FrameData_Alloc(sizeof(r_vertexposition_t)*numvertices);
-       */
-       if (ent->animcache_vertexposition)
-       {
-               /*
-               for (i = 0;i < numvertices;i++)
-                       memcpy(ent->animcache_vertexposition[i].vertex3f, ent->animcache_vertex3f + 3*i, sizeof(float[3]));
-               */
-               // TODO: upload vertex buffer?
-       }
+       // TODO: upload vertex3f buffer?
        if (ent->animcache_vertexmesh)
        {
                memcpy(ent->animcache_vertexmesh, ent->model->surfmesh.vertexmesh, sizeof(r_vertexmesh_t)*numvertices);
@@ -7806,7 +7809,7 @@ void R_AnimCache_UpdateEntityMeshBuffers(entity_render_t *ent, int numvertices)
                if (ent->animcache_normal3f)
                        for (i = 0;i < numvertices;i++)
                                memcpy(ent->animcache_vertexmesh[i].normal3f, ent->animcache_normal3f + 3*i, sizeof(float[3]));
-               // TODO: upload vertex buffer?
+               // TODO: upload vertexmeshbuffer?
        }
 }
 
@@ -7834,11 +7837,8 @@ qboolean R_AnimCache_GetEntity(entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, qbool
                                        ent->animcache_svector3f = (float *)R_FrameData_Alloc(sizeof(float[3])*numvertices);
                                        ent->animcache_tvector3f = (float *)R_FrameData_Alloc(sizeof(float[3])*numvertices);
                                }
-                               if (!r_framedata_failed)
-                               {
-                                       model->AnimateVertices(model, ent->frameblend, ent->skeleton, NULL, wantnormals ? ent->animcache_normal3f : NULL, wanttangents ? ent->animcache_svector3f : NULL, wanttangents ? ent->animcache_tvector3f : NULL);
-                                       R_AnimCache_UpdateEntityMeshBuffers(ent, model->surfmesh.num_vertices);
-                               }
+                               model->AnimateVertices(model, ent->frameblend, ent->skeleton, NULL, wantnormals ? ent->animcache_normal3f : NULL, wanttangents ? ent->animcache_svector3f : NULL, wanttangents ? ent->animcache_tvector3f : NULL);
+                               R_AnimCache_UpdateEntityMeshBuffers(ent, model->surfmesh.num_vertices);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -7857,13 +7857,10 @@ qboolean R_AnimCache_GetEntity(entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, qbool
                        ent->animcache_svector3f = (float *)R_FrameData_Alloc(sizeof(float[3])*numvertices);
                        ent->animcache_tvector3f = (float *)R_FrameData_Alloc(sizeof(float[3])*numvertices);
                }
-               if (!r_framedata_failed)
-               {
-                       model->AnimateVertices(model, ent->frameblend, ent->skeleton, ent->animcache_vertex3f, ent->animcache_normal3f, ent->animcache_svector3f, ent->animcache_tvector3f);
-                       R_AnimCache_UpdateEntityMeshBuffers(ent, model->surfmesh.num_vertices);
-               }
+               model->AnimateVertices(model, ent->frameblend, ent->skeleton, ent->animcache_vertex3f, ent->animcache_normal3f, ent->animcache_svector3f, ent->animcache_tvector3f);
+               R_AnimCache_UpdateEntityMeshBuffers(ent, model->surfmesh.num_vertices);
        }
-       return !r_framedata_failed;
+       return true;
 }
 
 void R_AnimCache_CacheVisibleEntities(void)
@@ -10872,58 +10869,8 @@ texture_t *R_GetCurrentTexture(texture_t *t)
 
 rsurfacestate_t rsurface;
 
-void R_Mesh_ResizeArrays(int newvertices)
-{
-       unsigned char *base;
-       size_t size;
-       if (rsurface.array_size >= newvertices)
-               return;
-       if (rsurface.array_base)
-               Mem_Free(rsurface.array_base);
-       rsurface.array_size = (newvertices + 1023) & ~1023;
-       size = 0;
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_modelvertexmesh);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_modelvertexposition);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_batchvertexposition);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[4]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[2]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[2]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[4]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(int[3]);
-       size += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(unsigned short[3]);
-       rsurface.array_base = base = (unsigned char *)Mem_Alloc(r_main_mempool, size);
-       rsurface.array_modelvertexmesh         = (r_vertexmesh_t     *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_modelvertexmesh);
-       rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh         = (r_vertexmesh_t     *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh);
-       rsurface.array_modelvertexposition     = (r_vertexposition_t *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_modelvertexposition);
-       rsurface.array_batchvertexposition     = (r_vertexposition_t *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(*rsurface.array_batchvertexposition);
-       rsurface.array_modelvertex3f           = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_modelsvector3f          = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_modeltvector3f          = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_modelnormal3f           = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_batchvertex3f           = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_batchsvector3f          = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_batchtvector3f          = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_batchnormal3f           = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[3]);
-       rsurface.array_batchlightmapcolor4f    = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[4]);
-       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f  = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[2]);
-       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordlightmap2f = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[2]);
-       rsurface.array_passcolor4f             = (float              *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(float[4]);
-       rsurface.array_batchelement3i          = (int                *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(int[3]);
-       rsurface.array_batchelement3s          = (unsigned short     *)base;base += rsurface.array_size * sizeof(unsigned short[3]);
-}
-
 void RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity(void)
 {
-       int newvertices;
        dp_model_t *model = r_refdef.scene.worldmodel;
        //if (rsurface.entity == r_refdef.scene.worldentity)
        //      return;
@@ -10934,9 +10881,6 @@ void RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity(void)
        rsurface.ent_qwskin = -1;
        rsurface.ent_shadertime = 0;
        rsurface.ent_flags = r_refdef.scene.worldentity->flags;
-       newvertices = max(model->surfmesh.num_vertices, model->surfmesh.num_triangles);
-       if (rsurface.array_size < newvertices)
-               R_Mesh_ResizeArrays(newvertices);
        rsurface.matrix = identitymatrix;
        rsurface.inversematrix = identitymatrix;
        rsurface.matrixscale = 1;
@@ -10994,8 +10938,7 @@ void RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity(void)
        rsurface.modelsurfaces = model->data_surfaces;
        rsurface.modelvertexmesh = model->surfmesh.vertexmesh;
        rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = model->surfmesh.vertexmeshbuffer;
-       rsurface.modelvertexposition = model->surfmesh.vertexposition;
-       rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = model->surfmesh.vertexpositionbuffer;
+       rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = model->surfmesh.vertex3fbuffer;
        rsurface.modelgeneratedvertex = false;
        rsurface.batchgeneratedvertex = false;
        rsurface.batchfirstvertex = 0;
@@ -11025,8 +10968,7 @@ void RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity(void)
        rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.batchvertexmesh = NULL;
        rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-       rsurface.batchvertexposition = NULL;
-       rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+       rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i_indexbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i_bufferoffset = 0;
@@ -11040,7 +10982,6 @@ void RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity(void)
 
 void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, qboolean wanttangents, qboolean prepass)
 {
-       int newvertices;
        dp_model_t *model = ent->model;
        //if (rsurface.entity == ent && (!model->surfmesh.isanimated || (!wantnormals && !wanttangents)))
        //      return;
@@ -11051,9 +10992,6 @@ void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, q
        rsurface.ent_qwskin = (ent->entitynumber <= cl.maxclients && ent->entitynumber >= 1 && cls.protocol == PROTOCOL_QUAKEWORLD && cl.scores[ent->entitynumber - 1].qw_skin[0] && !strcmp(ent->model->name, "progs/player.mdl")) ? (ent->entitynumber - 1) : -1;
        rsurface.ent_shadertime = ent->shadertime;
        rsurface.ent_flags = ent->flags;
-       newvertices = max(model->surfmesh.num_vertices, model->surfmesh.num_triangles);
-       if (rsurface.array_size < newvertices)
-               R_Mesh_ResizeArrays(newvertices);
        rsurface.matrix = ent->matrix;
        rsurface.inversematrix = ent->inversematrix;
        rsurface.matrixscale = Matrix4x4_ScaleFromMatrix(&rsurface.matrix);
@@ -11084,7 +11022,7 @@ void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, q
        }
        if (model->surfmesh.isanimated && model->AnimateVertices && (rsurface.frameblend[0].lerp != 1 || rsurface.frameblend[0].subframe != 0))
        {
-               if (ent->animcache_vertex3f && !r_framedata_failed)
+               if (ent->animcache_vertex3f)
                {
                        rsurface.modelvertex3f = ent->animcache_vertex3f;
                        rsurface.modelsvector3f = wanttangents ? ent->animcache_svector3f : NULL;
@@ -11092,44 +11030,40 @@ void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, q
                        rsurface.modelnormal3f = wantnormals ? ent->animcache_normal3f : NULL;
                        rsurface.modelvertexmesh = ent->animcache_vertexmesh;
                        rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = ent->animcache_vertexmeshbuffer;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexposition = ent->animcache_vertexposition;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = ent->animcache_vertexpositionbuffer;
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = ent->animcache_vertex3fbuffer;
                }
                else if (wanttangents)
                {
-                       rsurface.modelvertex3f = rsurface.array_modelvertex3f;
-                       rsurface.modelsvector3f = rsurface.array_modelsvector3f;
-                       rsurface.modeltvector3f = rsurface.array_modeltvector3f;
-                       rsurface.modelnormal3f = rsurface.array_modelnormal3f;
-                       model->AnimateVertices(model, rsurface.frameblend, rsurface.skeleton, rsurface.array_modelvertex3f, rsurface.array_modelnormal3f, rsurface.array_modelsvector3f, rsurface.array_modeltvector3f);
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       rsurface.modelsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       rsurface.modeltvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       rsurface.modelnormal3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       model->AnimateVertices(model, rsurface.frameblend, rsurface.skeleton, rsurface.modelvertex3f, rsurface.modelnormal3f, rsurface.modelsvector3f, rsurface.modeltvector3f);
                        rsurface.modelvertexmesh = NULL;
                        rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexposition = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
                }
                else if (wantnormals)
                {
-                       rsurface.modelvertex3f = rsurface.array_modelvertex3f;
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                        rsurface.modelsvector3f = NULL;
                        rsurface.modeltvector3f = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelnormal3f = rsurface.array_modelnormal3f;
-                       model->AnimateVertices(model, rsurface.frameblend, rsurface.skeleton, rsurface.array_modelvertex3f, rsurface.array_modelnormal3f, NULL, NULL);
+                       rsurface.modelnormal3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       model->AnimateVertices(model, rsurface.frameblend, rsurface.skeleton, rsurface.modelvertex3f, rsurface.modelnormal3f, NULL, NULL);
                        rsurface.modelvertexmesh = NULL;
                        rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexposition = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
                }
                else
                {
-                       rsurface.modelvertex3f = rsurface.array_modelvertex3f;
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(model->surfmesh.num_vertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                        rsurface.modelsvector3f = NULL;
                        rsurface.modeltvector3f = NULL;
                        rsurface.modelnormal3f = NULL;
-                       model->AnimateVertices(model, rsurface.frameblend, rsurface.skeleton, rsurface.array_modelvertex3f, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+                       model->AnimateVertices(model, rsurface.frameblend, rsurface.skeleton, rsurface.modelvertex3f, NULL, NULL, NULL);
                        rsurface.modelvertexmesh = NULL;
                        rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexposition = NULL;
-                       rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+                       rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
                }
                rsurface.modelvertex3f_vertexbuffer = 0;
                rsurface.modelvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
@@ -11157,8 +11091,7 @@ void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, q
                rsurface.modelnormal3f_bufferoffset = model->surfmesh.vbooffset_normal3f;
                rsurface.modelvertexmesh = model->surfmesh.vertexmesh;
                rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = model->surfmesh.vertexmeshbuffer;
-               rsurface.modelvertexposition = model->surfmesh.vertexposition;
-               rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = model->surfmesh.vertexpositionbuffer;
+               rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = model->surfmesh.vertex3fbuffer;
                rsurface.modelgeneratedvertex = false;
        }
        rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f  = model->surfmesh.data_lightmapcolor4f;
@@ -11208,8 +11141,7 @@ void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, q
        rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.batchvertexmesh = NULL;
        rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-       rsurface.batchvertexposition = NULL;
-       rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+       rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i_indexbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i_bufferoffset = 0;
@@ -11223,8 +11155,6 @@ void RSurf_ActiveModelEntity(const entity_render_t *ent, qboolean wantnormals, q
 
 void RSurf_ActiveCustomEntity(const matrix4x4_t *matrix, const matrix4x4_t *inversematrix, int entflags, double shadertime, float r, float g, float b, float a, int numvertices, const float *vertex3f, const float *texcoord2f, const float *normal3f, const float *svector3f, const float *tvector3f, const float *color4f, int numtriangles, const int *element3i, const unsigned short *element3s, qboolean wantnormals, qboolean wanttangents)
 {
-       int newvertices;
-
        rsurface.entity = r_refdef.scene.worldentity;
        rsurface.skeleton = NULL;
        rsurface.ent_skinnum = 0;
@@ -11233,9 +11163,6 @@ void RSurf_ActiveCustomEntity(const matrix4x4_t *matrix, const matrix4x4_t *inve
        rsurface.ent_flags = entflags;
        rsurface.modelnumvertices = numvertices;
        rsurface.modelnumtriangles = numtriangles;
-       newvertices = max(rsurface.modelnumvertices, rsurface.modelnumtriangles);
-       if (rsurface.array_size < newvertices)
-               R_Mesh_ResizeArrays(newvertices);
        rsurface.matrix = *matrix;
        rsurface.inversematrix = *inversematrix;
        rsurface.matrixscale = Matrix4x4_ScaleFromMatrix(&rsurface.matrix);
@@ -11261,29 +11188,28 @@ void RSurf_ActiveCustomEntity(const matrix4x4_t *matrix, const matrix4x4_t *inve
        rsurface.basepolygonoffset = r_refdef.polygonoffset;
        if (wanttangents)
        {
-               rsurface.modelvertex3f = vertex3f;
-               rsurface.modelsvector3f = svector3f ? svector3f : rsurface.array_modelsvector3f;
-               rsurface.modeltvector3f = tvector3f ? tvector3f : rsurface.array_modeltvector3f;
-               rsurface.modelnormal3f = normal3f ? normal3f : rsurface.array_modelnormal3f;
+               rsurface.modelvertex3f = (float *)vertex3f;
+               rsurface.modelsvector3f = svector3f ? (float *)svector3f : R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+               rsurface.modeltvector3f = tvector3f ? (float *)tvector3f : R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+               rsurface.modelnormal3f = normal3f ? (float *)normal3f : R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
        }
        else if (wantnormals)
        {
-               rsurface.modelvertex3f = vertex3f;
+               rsurface.modelvertex3f = (float *)vertex3f;
                rsurface.modelsvector3f = NULL;
                rsurface.modeltvector3f = NULL;
-               rsurface.modelnormal3f = normal3f ? normal3f : rsurface.array_modelnormal3f;
+               rsurface.modelnormal3f = normal3f ? (float *)normal3f : R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
        }
        else
        {
-               rsurface.modelvertex3f = vertex3f;
+               rsurface.modelvertex3f = (float *)vertex3f;
                rsurface.modelsvector3f = NULL;
                rsurface.modeltvector3f = NULL;
                rsurface.modelnormal3f = NULL;
        }
        rsurface.modelvertexmesh = NULL;
        rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-       rsurface.modelvertexposition = NULL;
-       rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+       rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.modelvertex3f_vertexbuffer = 0;
        rsurface.modelvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.modelsvector3f_vertexbuffer = 0;
@@ -11293,19 +11219,19 @@ void RSurf_ActiveCustomEntity(const matrix4x4_t *matrix, const matrix4x4_t *inve
        rsurface.modelnormal3f_vertexbuffer = 0;
        rsurface.modelnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.modelgeneratedvertex = true;
-       rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f  = color4f;
+       rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f  = (float *)color4f;
        rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
        rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
-       rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f  = texcoord2f;
+       rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f  = (float *)texcoord2f;
        rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = 0;
        rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f  = NULL;
        rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f_vertexbuffer = 0;
        rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset = 0;
-       rsurface.modelelement3i = element3i;
+       rsurface.modelelement3i = (int *)element3i;
        rsurface.modelelement3i_indexbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.modelelement3i_bufferoffset = 0;
-       rsurface.modelelement3s = element3s;
+       rsurface.modelelement3s = (unsigned short *)element3s;
        rsurface.modelelement3s_indexbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.modelelement3s_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.modellightmapoffsets = NULL;
@@ -11338,8 +11264,7 @@ void RSurf_ActiveCustomEntity(const matrix4x4_t *matrix, const matrix4x4_t *inve
        rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset = 0;
        rsurface.batchvertexmesh = NULL;
        rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
-       rsurface.batchvertexposition = NULL;
-       rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+       rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i_indexbuffer = NULL;
        rsurface.batchelement3i_bufferoffset = 0;
@@ -11354,14 +11279,14 @@ void RSurf_ActiveCustomEntity(const matrix4x4_t *matrix, const matrix4x4_t *inve
        {
                if ((wantnormals || wanttangents) && !normal3f)
                {
-                       Mod_BuildNormals(0, rsurface.modelnumvertices, rsurface.modelnumtriangles, rsurface.modelvertex3f, rsurface.modelelement3i, rsurface.array_modelnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                       rsurface.modelnormal3f = rsurface.array_modelnormal3f;
+                       rsurface.modelnormal3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       Mod_BuildNormals(0, rsurface.modelnumvertices, rsurface.modelnumtriangles, rsurface.modelvertex3f, rsurface.modelelement3i, rsurface.modelnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                }
                if (wanttangents && !svector3f)
                {
-                       Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(0, rsurface.modelnumvertices, rsurface.modelnumtriangles, rsurface.modelvertex3f, rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.modelnormal3f, rsurface.modelelement3i, rsurface.array_modelsvector3f, rsurface.array_modeltvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                       rsurface.modelsvector3f = rsurface.array_modelsvector3f;
-                       rsurface.modeltvector3f = rsurface.array_modeltvector3f;
+                       rsurface.modelsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       rsurface.modeltvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.modelnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(0, rsurface.modelnumvertices, rsurface.modelnumtriangles, rsurface.modelvertex3f, rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.modelnormal3f, rsurface.modelelement3i, rsurface.modelsvector3f, rsurface.modeltvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                }
        }
 }
@@ -11420,6 +11345,8 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        int surfacefirstvertex;
        int surfaceendvertex;
        int surfacenumvertices;
+       int batchnumvertices;
+       int batchnumtriangles;
        int needsupdate;
        int i, j;
        qboolean gaps;
@@ -11431,7 +11358,6 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        float waveparms[4];
        q3shaderinfo_deform_t *deform;
        const msurface_t *surface, *firstsurface;
-       r_vertexposition_t *vertexposition;
        r_vertexmesh_t *vertexmesh;
        if (!texturenumsurfaces)
                return;
@@ -11439,7 +11365,8 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        gaps = false;
        firstsurface = texturesurfacelist[0];
        firsttriangle = firstsurface->num_firsttriangle;
-       numtriangles = 0;
+       batchnumvertices = 0;
+       batchnumtriangles = 0;
        firstvertex = endvertex = firstsurface->num_firstvertex;
        for (i = 0;i < texturenumsurfaces;i++)
        {
@@ -11448,29 +11375,37 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        gaps = true;
                surfacefirstvertex = surface->num_firstvertex;
                surfaceendvertex = surfacefirstvertex + surface->num_vertices;
+               surfacenumvertices = surface->num_vertices;
                surfacenumtriangles = surface->num_triangles;
                if (firstvertex > surfacefirstvertex)
                        firstvertex = surfacefirstvertex;
                if (endvertex < surfaceendvertex)
                        endvertex = surfaceendvertex;
-               numtriangles += surfacenumtriangles;
+               batchnumvertices += surfacenumvertices;
+               batchnumtriangles += surfacenumtriangles;
        }
 
        // we now know the vertex range used, and if there are any gaps in it
        rsurface.batchfirstvertex = firstvertex;
        rsurface.batchnumvertices = endvertex - firstvertex;
        rsurface.batchfirsttriangle = firsttriangle;
-       rsurface.batchnumtriangles = numtriangles;
+       rsurface.batchnumtriangles = batchnumtriangles;
 
        // this variable holds flags for which properties have been updated that
-       // may require regenerating vertexmesh or vertexposition arrays...
+       // may require regenerating vertexmesh array...
        needsupdate = 0;
 
        // check if any dynamic vertex processing must occur
        dynamicvertex = false;
 
+       // if there is a chance of animated vertex colors, it's a dynamic batch
        if ((batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR)) && texturesurfacelist[0]->lightmapinfo)
-               needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
+       {
+               dynamicvertex = true;
+               batchneed |= BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
+               needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR;
+       }
+
        for (deformindex = 0, deform = rsurface.texture->deforms;deformindex < Q3MAXDEFORMS && deform->deform;deformindex++, deform++)
        {
                switch (deform->deform)
@@ -11490,12 +11425,12 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                case Q3DEFORM_AUTOSPRITE:
                        dynamicvertex = true;
                        batchneed |= BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
-                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
+                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_AUTOSPRITE2:
                        dynamicvertex = true;
                        batchneed |= BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
-                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
+                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_NORMAL:
                        dynamicvertex = true;
@@ -11507,19 +11442,19 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                break; // if wavefunc is a nop, ignore this transform
                        dynamicvertex = true;
                        batchneed |= BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
-                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
+                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_BULGE:
                        dynamicvertex = true;
                        batchneed |= BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
-                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
+                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR;
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_MOVE:
                        if(!R_TestQ3WaveFunc(deform->wavefunc, deform->waveparms))
                                break; // if wavefunc is a nop, ignore this transform
                        dynamicvertex = true;
                        batchneed |= BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
-                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX;
+                       needsupdate |= BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX;
                        break;
                }
        }
@@ -11558,13 +11493,6 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                needsupdate |= (batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_LIGHTMAP));
        }
 
-       if (needsupdate & batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION)
-       {
-               dynamicvertex = true;
-               batchneed |= BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
-               needsupdate |= (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION);
-       }
-
        if (dynamicvertex || gaps || rsurface.batchfirstvertex)
        {
                // when copying, we need to consider the regeneration of vertexmesh, any dependencies it may have must be set...
@@ -11578,7 +11506,7 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
 
        // when the model data has no vertex buffer (dynamic mesh), we need to
        // eliminate gaps
-       if (!rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer)
+       if (vid.useinterleavedarrays ? !rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer : !rsurface.modelvertex3f_vertexbuffer)
                batchneed |= BATCHNEED_NOGAPS;
 
        // if needsupdate, we have to do a dynamic vertex batch for sure
@@ -11589,18 +11517,11 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        if (!rsurface.modelvertexmesh && (batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_LIGHTMAP)))
                dynamicvertex = true;
 
-       // see if we need to build vertexposition from arrays
-       if (!rsurface.modelvertexposition && (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION))
-               dynamicvertex = true;
-
        // if gaps are unacceptable, and there are gaps, it's a dynamic batch...
+       // also some drivers strongly dislike firstvertex
        if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_NOGAPS) && (gaps || firstvertex))
                dynamicvertex = true;
 
-       // if there is a chance of animated vertex colors, it's a dynamic batch
-       if ((batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR)) && texturesurfacelist[0]->lightmapinfo)
-               dynamicvertex = true;
-
        rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.modelvertex3f;
        rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = rsurface.modelvertex3f_vertexbuffer;
        rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = rsurface.modelvertex3f_bufferoffset;
@@ -11622,8 +11543,7 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f = rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f;
        rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_vertexbuffer = rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f_vertexbuffer;
        rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset = rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset;
-       rsurface.batchvertexposition = rsurface.modelvertexposition;
-       rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer = rsurface.modelvertexpositionbuffer;
+       rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer = rsurface.modelvertex3fbuffer;
        rsurface.batchvertexmesh = rsurface.modelvertexmesh;
        rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = rsurface.modelvertexmeshbuffer;
        rsurface.batchelement3i = rsurface.modelelement3i;
@@ -11654,16 +11574,17 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                // otherwise use the original static buffer with an appropriate offset
                if (gaps)
                {
-                       firsttriangle = 0;
+                       // build a new triangle elements array for this batch
+                       rsurface.batchelement3i = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumtriangles * sizeof(int[3]));
+                       rsurface.batchfirsttriangle = 0;
                        numtriangles = 0;
                        for (i = 0;i < texturenumsurfaces;i++)
                        {
                                surfacefirsttriangle = texturesurfacelist[i]->num_firsttriangle;
                                surfacenumtriangles = texturesurfacelist[i]->num_triangles;
-                               memcpy(rsurface.array_batchelement3i + 3*numtriangles, rsurface.modelelement3i + 3*surfacefirsttriangle, surfacenumtriangles*sizeof(int[3]));
+                               memcpy(rsurface.batchelement3i + 3*numtriangles, rsurface.modelelement3i + 3*surfacefirsttriangle, surfacenumtriangles*sizeof(int[3]));
                                numtriangles += surfacenumtriangles;
                        }
-                       rsurface.batchelement3i = rsurface.array_batchelement3i;
                        rsurface.batchelement3i_indexbuffer = NULL;
                        rsurface.batchelement3i_bufferoffset = 0;
                        rsurface.batchelement3s = NULL;
@@ -11671,26 +11592,25 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        rsurface.batchelement3s_bufferoffset = 0;
                        if (endvertex <= 65536)
                        {
-                               rsurface.batchelement3s = rsurface.array_batchelement3s;
+                               // make a 16bit (unsigned short) index array if possible
+                               rsurface.batchelement3s = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumtriangles * sizeof(unsigned short[3]));
                                for (i = 0;i < numtriangles*3;i++)
-                                       rsurface.array_batchelement3s[i] = rsurface.array_batchelement3i[i];
+                                       rsurface.batchelement3s[i] = rsurface.batchelement3i[i];
                        }
-                       rsurface.batchfirsttriangle = firsttriangle;
-                       rsurface.batchnumtriangles = numtriangles;
                }
                return;
        }
 
        // something needs software processing, do it for real...
-       // we only directly handle interleaved array data in this case...
+       // we only directly handle separate array data in this case and then
+       // generate interleaved data if needed...
        rsurface.batchgeneratedvertex = true;
 
        // now copy the vertex data into a combined array and make an index array
        // (this is what Quake3 does all the time)
        //if (gaps || rsurface.batchfirstvertex)
        {
-               rsurface.batchvertexposition = NULL;
-               rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
+               rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer = NULL;
                rsurface.batchvertexmesh = NULL;
                rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
                rsurface.batchvertex3f = NULL;
@@ -11714,32 +11634,30 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f = NULL;
                rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
                rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f_bufferoffset = 0;
-               rsurface.batchelement3i = rsurface.array_batchelement3i;
+               rsurface.batchelement3i = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumtriangles * sizeof(int[3]));
                rsurface.batchelement3i_indexbuffer = NULL;
                rsurface.batchelement3i_bufferoffset = 0;
                rsurface.batchelement3s = NULL;
                rsurface.batchelement3s_indexbuffer = NULL;
                rsurface.batchelement3s_bufferoffset = 0;
                // we'll only be setting up certain arrays as needed
-               if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION)
-                       rsurface.batchvertexposition = rsurface.array_batchvertexposition;
                if (batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_LIGHTMAP))
-                       rsurface.batchvertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;
+                       rsurface.batchvertexmesh = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(r_vertexmesh_t));
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX)
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.array_batchvertex3f;
+                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL)
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f;
+                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR)
                {
-                       rsurface.batchsvector3f = rsurface.array_batchsvector3f;
-                       rsurface.batchtvector3f = rsurface.array_batchtvector3f;
+                       rsurface.batchsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                       rsurface.batchtvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                }
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR)
-                       rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f = rsurface.array_batchlightmapcolor4f;
+                       rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD)
-                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f;
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_LIGHTMAP)
-                       rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f = rsurface.array_batchtexcoordlightmap2f;
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
                numvertices = 0;
                numtriangles = 0;
                for (i = 0;i < texturenumsurfaces;i++)
@@ -11749,29 +11667,27 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        surfacefirsttriangle = texturesurfacelist[i]->num_firsttriangle;
                        surfacenumtriangles = texturesurfacelist[i]->num_triangles;
                        // copy only the data requested
-                       if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION) && rsurface.modelvertexposition)
-                               memcpy(rsurface.array_batchvertexposition + numvertices, rsurface.modelvertexposition + surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(rsurface.batchvertexposition[0]));
                        if ((batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_LIGHTMAP)) && rsurface.modelvertexmesh)
-                               memcpy(rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh + numvertices, rsurface.modelvertexmesh + surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(rsurface.batchvertexmesh[0]));
+                               memcpy(rsurface.batchvertexmesh + numvertices, rsurface.modelvertexmesh + surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(rsurface.batchvertexmesh[0]));
                        if (batchneed & (BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_LIGHTMAP))
                        {
                                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX)
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchvertex3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modelvertex3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modelvertex3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL) && rsurface.modelnormal3f)
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchnormal3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modelnormal3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modelnormal3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR) && rsurface.modelsvector3f)
                                {
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchsvector3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modelsvector3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchtvector3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modeltvector3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchsvector3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modelsvector3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchtvector3f + 3*numvertices, rsurface.modeltvector3f + 3*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
                                }
                                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEXCOLOR) && rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f)
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*numvertices, rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f + 4*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*numvertices, rsurface.modellightmapcolor4f + 4*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
                                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_TEXCOORD) && rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f)
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f + 2*numvertices, rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f + 2*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f + 2*numvertices, rsurface.modeltexcoordtexture2f + 2*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
                                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_LIGHTMAP) && rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f)
-                                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchtexcoordlightmap2f + 2*numvertices, rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f + 2*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
+                                       memcpy(rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f + 2*numvertices, rsurface.modeltexcoordlightmap2f + 2*surfacefirstvertex, surfacenumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
                        }
-                       RSurf_RenumberElements(rsurface.modelelement3i + 3*surfacefirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchelement3i + 3*numtriangles, 3*surfacenumtriangles, numvertices - surfacefirstvertex);
+                       RSurf_RenumberElements(rsurface.modelelement3i + 3*surfacefirsttriangle, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3*numtriangles, 3*surfacenumtriangles, numvertices - surfacefirstvertex);
                        numvertices += surfacenumvertices;
                        numtriangles += surfacenumtriangles;
                }
@@ -11780,16 +11696,16 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                // (in general, dynamic batches fit)
                if (numvertices <= 65536)
                {
-                       rsurface.batchelement3s = rsurface.array_batchelement3s;
+                       rsurface.batchelement3s = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumtriangles * sizeof(unsigned short[3]));
                        for (i = 0;i < numtriangles*3;i++)
-                               rsurface.array_batchelement3s[i] = rsurface.array_batchelement3i[i];
+                               rsurface.batchelement3s[i] = rsurface.batchelement3i[i];
                }
 
                // since we've copied everything, the batch now starts at 0
                rsurface.batchfirstvertex = 0;
-               rsurface.batchnumvertices = numvertices;
+               rsurface.batchnumvertices = batchnumvertices;
                rsurface.batchfirsttriangle = 0;
-               rsurface.batchnumtriangles = numtriangles;
+               rsurface.batchnumtriangles = batchnumtriangles;
        }
 
        // q1bsp surfaces rendered in vertex color mode have to have colors
@@ -11802,10 +11718,10 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                int size3;
                const int *offsets;
                const unsigned char *lm;
-               numvertices = 0;
-               rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f = rsurface.array_batchlightmapcolor4f;
+               rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
                rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
                rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+               numvertices = 0;
                for (i = 0;i < texturenumsurfaces;i++)
                {
                        surface = texturesurfacelist[i];
@@ -11840,7 +11756,7 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                        c[0] >>= 15;
                                        c[1] >>= 15;
                                        c[2] >>= 15;
-                                       Vector4Set(rsurface.array_batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*numvertices, min(c[0], 255) * (1.0f / 255.0f), min(c[1], 255) * (1.0f / 255.0f), min(c[2], 255) * (1.0f / 255.0f), 1);
+                                       Vector4Set(rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*numvertices, min(c[0], 255) * (1.0f / 255.0f), min(c[1], 255) * (1.0f / 255.0f), min(c[2], 255) * (1.0f / 255.0f), 1);
                                        numvertices++;
                                }
                        }
@@ -11848,7 +11764,7 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        {
                                for (j = 0;j < surfacenumvertices;j++)
                                {
-                                       Vector4Set(rsurface.array_batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*numvertices, 0, 0, 0, 1);
+                                       Vector4Set(rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*numvertices, 0, 0, 0, 1);
                                        numvertices++;
                                }
                        }
@@ -11881,8 +11797,20 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        VectorNormalize(newforward);
                        VectorNormalize(newright);
                        VectorNormalize(newup);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                     rsurface.batchsvector3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchsvector3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                     rsurface.batchtvector3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchtvector3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchnormal3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
                        // a single autosprite surface can contain multiple sprites...
-                       for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices - 3;j += 4)
+                       for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices - 3;j += 4)
                        {
                                VectorClear(center);
                                for (i = 0;i < 4;i++)
@@ -11894,24 +11822,12 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                for (i = 0;i < 4;i++)
                                {
                                        VectorSubtract(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*(j+i), center, v);
-                                       VectorMAMAMAM(1, center, DotProduct(forward, v), newforward, DotProduct(right, v), newright, DotProduct(up, v), newup, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f + 3*(j+i));
+                                       VectorMAMAMAM(1, center, DotProduct(forward, v), newforward, DotProduct(right, v), newright, DotProduct(up, v), newup, rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*(j+i));
                                }
                        }
                        // if we get here, BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL and BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR are in batchneed, so no need to check
-                       Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                       Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchsvector3f, rsurface.array_batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.array_batchvertex3f;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                       rsurface.batchsvector3f = rsurface.array_batchsvector3f;
-                       rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                       rsurface.batchtvector3f = rsurface.array_batchtvector3f;
-                       rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
+                       Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchsvector3f, rsurface.batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_AUTOSPRITE2:
                        Matrix4x4_Transform3x3(&rsurface.inversematrix, r_refdef.view.forward, newforward);
@@ -11920,6 +11836,9 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        VectorNormalize(newforward);
                        VectorNormalize(newright);
                        VectorNormalize(newup);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
                        {
                                const float *v1, *v2;
                                vec3_t start, end;
@@ -11933,7 +11852,7 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                shortest[2];
                                memset(shortest, 0, sizeof(shortest));
                                // a single autosprite surface can contain multiple sprites...
-                               for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices - 3;j += 4)
+                               for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices - 3;j += 4)
                                {
                                        VectorClear(center);
                                        for (i = 0;i < 4;i++)
@@ -11994,55 +11913,52 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                        {
                                                v1 = rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*(j+i);
                                                f = DotProduct(right, v1) - l;
-                                               VectorMAMAM(1, v1, -f, right, f, newright, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f + 3*(j+i));
+                                               VectorMAMAM(1, v1, -f, right, f, newright, rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*(j+i));
                                        }
                                }
                        }
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.array_batchvertex3f;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
                        if(batchneed & (BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR)) // otherwise these can stay NULL
                        {
-                               Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                               rsurface.batchnormal3f = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f;
-                               rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchnormal3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                               Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        }
                        if(batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR) // otherwise these can stay NULL
                        {
-                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchsvector3f, rsurface.array_batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f = rsurface.array_batchsvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f = rsurface.array_batchtvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchsvector3f, rsurface.batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        }
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_NORMAL:
                        // deform the normals to make reflections wavey
-                       for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
+                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchnormal3f);
+                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
                        {
                                float vertex[3];
-                               float *normal = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f + 3*j;
+                               float *normal = rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*j;
                                VectorScale(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, 0.98f, vertex);
                                normal[0] = rsurface.batchnormal3f[j*3+0] + deform->parms[0] * noise4f(      vertex[0], vertex[1], vertex[2], r_refdef.scene.time * deform->parms[1]);
                                normal[1] = rsurface.batchnormal3f[j*3+1] + deform->parms[0] * noise4f( 98 + vertex[0], vertex[1], vertex[2], r_refdef.scene.time * deform->parms[1]);
                                normal[2] = rsurface.batchnormal3f[j*3+2] + deform->parms[0] * noise4f(196 + vertex[0], vertex[1], vertex[2], r_refdef.scene.time * deform->parms[1]);
                                VectorNormalize(normal);
                        }
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
                        if(batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR) // otherwise these can stay NULL
                        {
-                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchsvector3f, rsurface.array_batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f = rsurface.array_batchsvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f = rsurface.array_batchtvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchsvector3f, rsurface.batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        }
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_WAVE:
@@ -12056,7 +11972,13 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                        // this is how a divisor of vertex influence on deformation
                        animpos = deform->parms[0] ? 1.0f / deform->parms[0] : 100.0f;
                        scale = R_EvaluateQ3WaveFunc(deform->wavefunc, waveparms);
-                       for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchnormal3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
                        {
                                // if the wavefunc depends on time, evaluate it per-vertex
                                if (waveparms[3])
@@ -12064,51 +11986,45 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                        waveparms[2] = deform->waveparms[2] + (rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+0] + rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+1] + rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+2]) * animpos;
                                        scale = R_EvaluateQ3WaveFunc(deform->wavefunc, waveparms);
                                }
-                               VectorMA(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, scale, rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*j, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f + 3*j);
+                               VectorMA(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, scale, rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*j, rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j);
                        }
                        // if we get here, BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL is in batchneed, so no need to check
-                       Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.array_batchvertex3f;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        if(batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR) // otherwise these can stay NULL
                        {
-                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchsvector3f, rsurface.array_batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f = rsurface.array_batchsvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f = rsurface.array_batchtvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchsvector3f, rsurface.batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        }
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_BULGE:
                        // deform vertex array to make the surface have moving bulges
-                       for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchnormal3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
                        {
                                scale = sin(rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] * deform->parms[0] + r_refdef.scene.time * deform->parms[2]) * deform->parms[1];
-                               VectorMA(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, scale, rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*j, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f + 3*j);
+                               VectorMA(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, scale, rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*j, rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j);
                        }
                        // if we get here, BATCHNEED_ARRAY_NORMAL is in batchneed, so no need to check
-                       Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.array_batchvertex3f;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f = rsurface.array_batchnormal3f;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchnormal3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       Mod_BuildNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchnormal3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        if(batchneed & BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VECTOR) // otherwise these can stay NULL
                        {
-                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchnumtriangles, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.array_batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.array_batchsvector3f, rsurface.array_batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f = rsurface.array_batchsvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f = rsurface.array_batchtvector3f;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                               rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchsvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]));
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                             rsurface.batchtvector3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                               Mod_BuildTextureVectorsFromNormals(rsurface.batchfirstvertex, batchnumvertices, batchnumtriangles, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.batchnormal3f, rsurface.batchelement3i + 3 * rsurface.batchfirsttriangle, rsurface.batchsvector3f, rsurface.batchtvector3f, r_smoothnormals_areaweighting.integer != 0);
                        }
                        break;
                case Q3DEFORM_MOVE:
@@ -12117,11 +12033,11 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
                                break; // if wavefunc is a nop, don't make a dynamic vertex array
                        scale = R_EvaluateQ3WaveFunc(deform->wavefunc, deform->waveparms);
                        VectorScale(deform->parms, scale, waveparms);
-                       for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
-                               VectorAdd(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, waveparms, rsurface.array_batchvertex3f + 3*j);
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f = rsurface.array_batchvertex3f;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-                       rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f = R_FrameData_Store(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[3]), rsurface.batchvertex3f);
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//                     rsurface.batchvertex3f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
+                               VectorAdd(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, waveparms, rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j);
                        break;
                }
        }
@@ -12133,25 +12049,28 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        case Q3TCGEN_TEXTURE:
                break;
        case Q3TCGEN_LIGHTMAP:
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
                if (rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f)
-                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchtexcoordlightmap2f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
+                       memcpy(rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f, rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f, batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
                break;
        case Q3TCGEN_VECTOR:
-               for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
+               for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
                {
-                       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] = DotProduct(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, rsurface.texture->tcgen.parms);
-                       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+1] = DotProduct(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, rsurface.texture->tcgen.parms + 3);
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] = DotProduct(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, rsurface.texture->tcgen.parms);
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+1] = DotProduct(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, rsurface.texture->tcgen.parms + 3);
                }
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
                break;
        case Q3TCGEN_ENVIRONMENT:
                // make environment reflections using a spheremap
-               for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
+               for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
                {
                        // identical to Q3A's method, but executed in worldspace so
                        // carried models can be shiny too
@@ -12173,12 +12092,9 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
 
                        // note: this sphere map only uses world x and z!
                        // so positive and negative y will LOOK THE SAME.
-                       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] = 0.5 + 0.5 * worldreflected[1];
-                       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+1] = 0.5 - 0.5 * worldreflected[2];
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] = 0.5 + 0.5 * worldreflected[1];
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+1] = 0.5 - 0.5 * worldreflected[2];
                }
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
                break;
        }
        // the only tcmod that needs software vertex processing is turbulent, so
@@ -12190,57 +12106,45 @@ void RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(int batchneed, int texturenumsurfaces, const
        {
                amplitude = rsurface.texture->tcmods[0].parms[1];
                animpos = rsurface.texture->tcmods[0].parms[2] + r_refdef.scene.time * rsurface.texture->tcmods[0].parms[3];
-               for (j = 0;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++)
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[2]));
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
+//             rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
+               for (j = 0;j < batchnumvertices;j++)
                {
-                       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] += amplitude * sin(((rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+0] + rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+2]) * 1.0 / 1024.0f + animpos) * M_PI * 2);
-                       rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+1] += amplitude * sin(((rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+1]                                ) * 1.0 / 1024.0f + animpos) * M_PI * 2);
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+0] += amplitude * sin(((rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+0] + rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+2]) * 1.0 / 1024.0f + animpos) * M_PI * 2);
+                       rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f[j*2+1] += amplitude * sin(((rsurface.batchvertex3f[j*3+1]                                ) * 1.0 / 1024.0f + animpos) * M_PI * 2);
                }
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f = rsurface.array_batchtexcoordtexture2f;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_vertexbuffer = NULL;
-               rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f_bufferoffset = 0;
        }
 
        if (needsupdate & batchneed & (BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_TEXCOORD | BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_LIGHTMAP))
        {
                // convert the modified arrays to vertex structs
-               rsurface.batchvertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;
-               rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
+//             rsurface.batchvertexmesh = R_FrameData_Alloc(batchnumvertices * sizeof(r_vertexmesh_t));
+//             rsurface.batchvertexmeshbuffer = NULL;
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEX)
-                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
+                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.batchvertexmesh;j < batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
                                VectorCopy(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, vertexmesh->vertex3f);
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_NORMAL)
-                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
+                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.batchvertexmesh;j < batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
                                VectorCopy(rsurface.batchnormal3f + 3*j, vertexmesh->normal3f);
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VECTOR)
                {
-                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
+                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.batchvertexmesh;j < batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
                        {
                                VectorCopy(rsurface.batchsvector3f + 3*j, vertexmesh->svector3f);
                                VectorCopy(rsurface.batchtvector3f + 3*j, vertexmesh->tvector3f);
                        }
                }
                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_VERTEXCOLOR) && rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f)
-                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
+                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.batchvertexmesh;j < batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
                                Vector4Scale(rsurface.batchlightmapcolor4f + 4*j, 255.0f, vertexmesh->color4ub);
                if (batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_TEXCOORD)
-                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
+                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.batchvertexmesh;j < batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
                                Vector2Copy(rsurface.batchtexcoordtexture2f + 2*j, vertexmesh->texcoordtexture2f);
                if ((batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXMESH_LIGHTMAP) && rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f)
-                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.array_batchvertexmesh;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
+                       for (j = 0, vertexmesh = rsurface.batchvertexmesh;j < batchnumvertices;j++, vertexmesh++)
                                Vector2Copy(rsurface.batchtexcoordlightmap2f + 2*j, vertexmesh->texcoordlightmap2f);
        }
-
-       if (needsupdate & batchneed & BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION)
-       {
-               // convert the modified arrays to vertex structs
-               rsurface.batchvertexposition = rsurface.array_batchvertexposition;
-               rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer = NULL;
-               if (sizeof(r_vertexposition_t) == sizeof(float[3]))
-                       memcpy(rsurface.array_batchvertexposition, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(r_vertexposition_t));
-               else
-                       for (j = 0, vertexposition = rsurface.array_batchvertexposition;j < rsurface.batchnumvertices;j++, vertexposition++)
-                               VectorCopy(rsurface.batchvertex3f + 3*j, vertexposition->vertex3f);
-       }
 }
 
 void RSurf_DrawBatch(void)
@@ -12295,7 +12199,7 @@ static int RSurf_FindWaterPlaneForSurface(const msurface_t *surface)
                d = 0;
                if(!prepared)
                {
-                       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX, 1, &surface);
+                       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS, 1, &surface);
                        prepared = true;
                        if(rsurface.batchnumvertices == 0)
                                break;
@@ -12321,11 +12225,11 @@ static int RSurf_FindWaterPlaneForSurface(const msurface_t *surface)
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_MakeFullbrightLightmapColorArray(void)
 {
        int i;
-       for (i = 0;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++)
-               Vector4Set(rsurface.array_passcolor4f + 4*i, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
-       rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
        rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
        rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+       for (i = 0;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++)
+               Vector4Set(rsurface.passcolor4f + 4*i, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
 }
 
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFog(void)
@@ -12335,10 +12239,13 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFog(void)
        const float *v;
        const float *c;
        float *c2;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
        if (rsurface.passcolor4f)
        {
                // generate color arrays
-               for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c += 4, c2 += 4)
+               for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c += 4, c2 += 4)
                {
                        f = RSurf_FogVertex(v);
                        c2[0] = c[0] * f;
@@ -12349,7 +12256,7 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFog(void)
        }
        else
        {
-               for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c2 = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c2 += 4)
+               for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c2 = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c2 += 4)
                {
                        f = RSurf_FogVertex(v);
                        c2[0] = f;
@@ -12358,9 +12265,6 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFog(void)
                        c2[3] = 1;
                }
        }
-       rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
 }
 
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFogToFinishedVertexColors(void)
@@ -12372,7 +12276,10 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFogToFinishedVertexColors(void)
        float *c2;
        if (!rsurface.passcolor4f)
                return;
-       for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c += 4, c2 += 4)
+       rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+       for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c += 4, c2 += 4)
        {
                f = RSurf_FogVertex(v);
                c2[0] = c[0] * f + r_refdef.fogcolor[0] * (1 - f);
@@ -12380,9 +12287,6 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFogToFinishedVertexColors(void)
                c2[2] = c[2] * f + r_refdef.fogcolor[2] * (1 - f);
                c2[3] = c[3];
        }
-       rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
 }
 
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyColor(float r, float g, float b, float a)
@@ -12392,16 +12296,16 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyColor(float r, float g, float b, float a)
        float *c2;
        if (!rsurface.passcolor4f)
                return;
-       for (i = 0, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, c += 4, c2 += 4)
+       rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+       for (i = 0, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, c += 4, c2 += 4)
        {
                c2[0] = c[0] * r;
                c2[1] = c[1] * g;
                c2[2] = c[2] * b;
                c2[3] = c[3] * a;
        }
-       rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
 }
 
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyAmbient(void)
@@ -12411,16 +12315,16 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyAmbient(void)
        float *c2;
        if (!rsurface.passcolor4f)
                return;
-       for (i = 0, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, c += 4, c2 += 4)
+       rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+       for (i = 0, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4, c2 = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, c += 4, c2 += 4)
        {
                c2[0] = c[0] + r_refdef.scene.ambient;
                c2[1] = c[1] + r_refdef.scene.ambient;
                c2[2] = c[2] + r_refdef.scene.ambient;
                c2[3] = c[3];
        }
-       rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
 }
 
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_Lightmap(float r, float g, float b, float a, qboolean applycolor, qboolean applyfog)
@@ -12471,7 +12375,7 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ClampColor(void)
        float *c2;
        if (!rsurface.passcolor4f)
                return;
-       for (i = 0, c1 = rsurface.passcolor4f + 4*rsurface.batchfirstvertex, c2 = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + 4*rsurface.batchfirstvertex;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, c1 += 4, c2 += 4)
+       for (i = 0, c1 = rsurface.passcolor4f + 4*rsurface.batchfirstvertex, c2 = rsurface.passcolor4f + 4*rsurface.batchfirstvertex;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, c1 += 4, c2 += 4)
        {
                c2[0] = bound(0.0f, c1[0], 1.0f);
                c2[1] = bound(0.0f, c1[1], 1.0f);
@@ -12490,7 +12394,10 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFakeLight(void)
        //vec3_t eyedir;
 
        // fake shading
-       for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, n = rsurface.batchnormal3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, n += 3, c += 4)
+       rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
+       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+       for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, n = rsurface.batchnormal3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, n += 3, c += 4)
        {
                f = -DotProduct(r_refdef.view.forward, n);
                f = max(0, f);
@@ -12498,10 +12405,6 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyFakeLight(void)
                f *= r_refdef.lightmapintensity;
                Vector4Set(c, f, f, f, 1);
        }
-
-       rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
-       rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
 }
 
 static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_FakeLight(float r, float g, float b, float a, qboolean applycolor, qboolean applyfog)
@@ -12539,7 +12442,10 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyVertexShade(float *r, float *g, float *b,
        if (VectorLength2(diffusecolor) > 0)
        {
                // q3-style directional shading
-               for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, n = rsurface.batchnormal3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, n += 3, c += 4)
+               rsurface.passcolor4f = R_FrameData_Alloc(rsurface.batchnumvertices * sizeof(float[4]));
+               rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
+               rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
+               for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, n = rsurface.batchnormal3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, n += 3, c += 4)
                {
                        if ((f = DotProduct(n, lightdir)) > 0)
                                VectorMA(ambientcolor, f, diffusecolor, c);
@@ -12551,9 +12457,6 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_ApplyVertexShade(float *r, float *g, float *b,
                *g = 1;
                *b = 1;
                *a = 1;
-               rsurface.passcolor4f = rsurface.array_passcolor4f;
-               rsurface.passcolor4f_vertexbuffer = 0;
-               rsurface.passcolor4f_bufferoffset = 0;
                *applycolor = false;
        }
        else
@@ -12583,7 +12486,7 @@ static void RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_MakeFogColor(float r, float g, float b, float a
        float f;
        const float *v;
        float *c;
-       for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.array_passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c += 4)
+       for (i = 0, v = rsurface.batchvertex3f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 3, c = rsurface.passcolor4f + rsurface.batchfirstvertex * 4;i < rsurface.batchnumvertices;i++, v += 3, c += 4)
        {
                f = 1 - RSurf_FogVertex(v);
                c[0] = r;
@@ -12630,8 +12533,11 @@ static void R_DrawTextureSurfaceList_Sky(int texturenumsurfaces, const msurface_
                        // just to make sure that braindead drivers don't draw
                        // anything despite that colormask...
                        GL_BlendFunc(GL_ZERO, GL_ONE);
-                       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS, texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
-                       R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Position(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertexposition, rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer);
+                       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX | BATCHNEED_NOGAPS, texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
+                       if (rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer)
+                               R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Vertex3f(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer);
+                       else
+                               R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Vertex3f(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer);
                }
                else
                {
@@ -12805,7 +12711,7 @@ static void R_DrawTextureSurfaceList_GL13(int texturenumsurfaces, const msurface
                        R_Mesh_TexBind(1, 0);
                        R_Mesh_TexCoordPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[2]), NULL, 0, 0);
                        // generate a color array for the fog pass
-                       R_Mesh_ColorPointer(4, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[4]), rsurface.array_passcolor4f, 0, 0);
+                       R_Mesh_ColorPointer(4, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[4]), rsurface.passcolor4f, 0, 0);
                        RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_MakeFogColor(layercolor[0], layercolor[1], layercolor[2], layercolor[3]);
                        RSurf_DrawBatch();
                        break;
@@ -12908,7 +12814,7 @@ static void R_DrawTextureSurfaceList_GL11(int texturenumsurfaces, const msurface
                                R_Mesh_TexCoordPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[2]), NULL, 0, 0);
                        }
                        // generate a color array for the fog pass
-                       R_Mesh_ColorPointer(4, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[4]), rsurface.array_passcolor4f, 0, 0);
+                       R_Mesh_ColorPointer(4, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float[4]), rsurface.passcolor4f, 0, 0);
                        RSurf_DrawBatch_GL11_MakeFogColor(layer->color[0], layer->color[1], layer->color[2], layer->color[3]);
                        RSurf_DrawBatch();
                        break;
@@ -13239,8 +13145,11 @@ static void R_DrawSurface_TransparentCallback(const entity_render_t *ent, const
                                R_SetupShader_DepthOrShadow();
                        }
                        RSurf_SetupDepthAndCulling();
-                       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION, texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
-                       R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Position(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertexposition, rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer);
+                       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX, texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
+                       if (rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer)
+                               R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Vertex3f(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer);
+                       else
+                               R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Vertex3f(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer);
                        RSurf_DrawBatch();
                }
                if (setup)
@@ -13323,8 +13232,11 @@ static void R_DrawTextureSurfaceList_DepthOnly(int texturenumsurfaces, const msu
        if (r_waterstate.renderingscene && (rsurface.texture->currentmaterialflags & (MATERIALFLAG_WATERSHADER | MATERIALFLAG_REFLECTION)))
                return;
        RSurf_SetupDepthAndCulling();
-       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_VERTEXPOSITION, texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
-       R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Position(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertexposition, rsurface.batchvertexpositionbuffer);
+       RSurf_PrepareVerticesForBatch(BATCHNEED_ARRAY_VERTEX, texturenumsurfaces, texturesurfacelist);
+       if (rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer)
+               R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Vertex3f(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3fbuffer);
+       else
+               R_Mesh_PrepareVertices_Vertex3f(rsurface.batchnumvertices, rsurface.batchvertex3f, rsurface.batchvertex3f_vertexbuffer);
        RSurf_DrawBatch();
 }
 
@@ -13365,6 +13277,7 @@ void R_QueueWorldSurfaceList(int numsurfaces, const msurface_t **surfacelist, in
 {
        int i, j;
        texture_t *texture;
+       R_FrameData_SetMark();
        // break the surface list down into batches by texture and use of lightmapping
        for (i = 0;i < numsurfaces;i = j)
        {
@@ -13403,6 +13316,7 @@ void R_QueueWorldSurfaceList(int numsurfaces, const msurface_t **surfacelist, in
                // render the range of surfaces
                R_ProcessWorldTextureSurfaceList(j - i, surfacelist + i, writedepth, depthonly, prepass);
        }
+       R_FrameData_ReturnToMark();
 }
 
 static void R_ProcessModelTextureSurfaceList(int texturenumsurfaces, const msurface_t **texturesurfacelist, qboolean writedepth, qboolean depthonly, const entity_render_t *queueentity, qboolean prepass)
@@ -13441,6 +13355,7 @@ void R_QueueModelSurfaceList(entity_render_t *ent, int numsurfaces, const msurfa
 {
        int i, j;
        texture_t *texture;
+       R_FrameData_SetMark();
        // break the surface list down into batches by texture and use of lightmapping
        for (i = 0;i < numsurfaces;i = j)
        {
@@ -13479,6 +13394,7 @@ void R_QueueModelSurfaceList(entity_render_t *ent, int numsurfaces, const msurfa
                // render the range of surfaces
                R_ProcessModelTextureSurfaceList(j - i, surfacelist + i, writedepth, depthonly, ent, prepass);
        }
+       R_FrameData_ReturnToMark();
 }
 
 float locboxvertex3f[6*4*3] =