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27 /* Note: I will not be using a _t suffix for the
28 * "main" ast node types for now.
31 typedef union ast_node_u ast_node;
32 typedef union ast_expression_u ast_expression;
34 typedef struct ast_value_s ast_value;
35 typedef struct ast_function_s ast_function;
36 typedef struct ast_block_s ast_block;
37 typedef struct ast_binary_s ast_binary;
38 typedef struct ast_store_s ast_store;
39 typedef struct ast_binstore_s ast_binstore;
40 typedef struct ast_entfield_s ast_entfield;
41 typedef struct ast_ifthen_s ast_ifthen;
42 typedef struct ast_ternary_s ast_ternary;
43 typedef struct ast_loop_s ast_loop;
44 typedef struct ast_call_s ast_call;
45 typedef struct ast_unary_s ast_unary;
46 typedef struct ast_return_s ast_return;
47 typedef struct ast_member_s ast_member;
48 typedef struct ast_array_index_s ast_array_index;
49 typedef struct ast_breakcont_s ast_breakcont;
50 typedef struct ast_switch_s ast_switch;
51 typedef struct ast_label_s ast_label;
52 typedef struct ast_goto_s ast_goto;
55 TYPE_ast_node, /* 0 */
56 TYPE_ast_expression, /* 1 */
57 TYPE_ast_value, /* 2 */
58 TYPE_ast_function, /* 3 */
59 TYPE_ast_block, /* 4 */
60 TYPE_ast_binary, /* 5 */
61 TYPE_ast_store, /* 6 */
62 TYPE_ast_binstore, /* 7 */
63 TYPE_ast_entfield, /* 8 */
64 TYPE_ast_ifthen, /* 9 */
65 TYPE_ast_ternary, /* 10 */
66 TYPE_ast_loop, /* 11 */
67 TYPE_ast_call, /* 12 */
68 TYPE_ast_unary, /* 13 */
69 TYPE_ast_return, /* 14 */
70 TYPE_ast_member, /* 15 */
71 TYPE_ast_array_index, /* 16 */
72 TYPE_ast_breakcont, /* 17 */
73 TYPE_ast_switch, /* 18 */
74 TYPE_ast_label, /* 19 */
75 TYPE_ast_goto /* 20 */
78 #define ast_istype(x, t) ( ((ast_node_common*)x)->nodetype == (TYPE_##t) )
79 #define ast_ctx(node) (((ast_node_common*)(node))->context)
80 #define ast_side_effects(node) (((ast_node_common*)(node))->side_effects)
82 /* Node interface with common components
84 typedef void ast_node_delete(ast_node*);
88 /* I don't feel comfortable using keywords like 'delete' as names... */
89 ast_node_delete *destroy;
91 /* keep: if a node contains this node, 'keep'
92 * prevents its dtor from destroying this node as well.
98 #define ast_delete(x) (*( ((ast_node*)(x))->node.destroy ))((ast_node*)(x))
99 #define ast_unref(x) do \
101 if (! (((ast_node*)(x))->node.keep) ) { \
106 /* Expression interface
108 * Any expression or block returns an ir_value, and needs
109 * to know the current function.
111 typedef bool ast_expression_codegen(ast_expression*,
115 /* TODO: the codegen function should take an output-type parameter
116 * indicating whether a variable, type, label etc. is expected, and
118 * Then later an ast_ident could have a codegen using this to figure
119 * out what to look for.
120 * eg. in code which uses a not-yet defined variable, the expression
121 * would take an ast_ident, and the codegen would be called with
122 * type `expression`, so the ast_ident's codegen would search for
123 * variables through the environment (or functions, constants...).
127 ast_node_common node;
128 ast_expression_codegen *codegen;
130 ast_expression *next;
131 /* arrays get a member-count */
135 /* void foo(string...) gets varparam set as a restriction
136 * for variadic parameters
138 ast_expression *varparam;
139 /* The codegen functions should store their output values
140 * so we can call it multiple times without re-evaluating.
141 * Store lvalue and rvalue seperately though. So that
142 * ast_entfield for example can generate both if required.
146 } ast_expression_common;
147 #define AST_FLAG_VARIADIC (1<<0)
148 #define AST_FLAG_NORETURN (1<<1)
149 #define AST_FLAG_INLINE (1<<2)
150 #define AST_FLAG_INITIALIZED (1<<3)
151 #define AST_FLAG_DEPRECATED (1<<4)
152 #define AST_FLAG_INCLUDE_DEF (1<<5)
153 #define AST_FLAG_IS_VARARG (1<<6)
154 #define AST_FLAG_ALIAS (1<<7)
155 #define AST_FLAG_TYPE_MASK (AST_FLAG_VARIADIC | AST_FLAG_NORETURN)
159 * Types are also values, both have a type and a name.
160 * especially considering possible constructs like typedefs.
162 * is like creating a 'float foo', foo serving as the type's name.
175 ast_expression_common expression;
180 const char *argcounter;
187 int cvq; /* const/var qualifier */
188 bool isfield; /* this declares a field */
189 bool isimm; /* an immediate, not just const */
191 basic_value_t constval;
192 /* for TYPE_ARRAY we have an optional vector
193 * of constants when an initializer list
196 basic_value_t *initlist;
198 /* usecount for the parser */
202 ir_value **ir_values;
203 size_t ir_value_count;
205 /* ONLY for arrays in progs version up to 6 */
210 ast_value* ast_value_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, int qctype);
211 ast_value* ast_value_copy(const ast_value *self);
212 /* This will NOT delete an underlying ast_function */
213 void ast_value_delete(ast_value*);
215 bool ast_value_set_name(ast_value*, const char *name);
217 bool ast_value_codegen(ast_value*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
218 bool ast_local_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_function *func, bool isparam);
219 bool ast_global_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_builder *ir, bool isfield);
221 void ast_value_params_add(ast_value*, ast_value*);
223 bool ast_compare_type(ast_expression *a, ast_expression *b);
224 ast_expression* ast_type_copy(lex_ctx ctx, const ast_expression *ex);
225 #define ast_type_adopt(a, b) ast_type_adopt_impl((ast_expression*)(a), (ast_expression*)(b))
226 void ast_type_adopt_impl(ast_expression *self, const ast_expression *other);
227 void ast_type_to_string(ast_expression *e, char *buf, size_t bufsize);
229 typedef enum ast_binary_ref_s {
230 AST_REF_LEFT = 1 << 1,
231 AST_REF_RIGHT = 1 << 2,
232 AST_REF_ALL = (AST_REF_LEFT | AST_REF_RIGHT)
238 * A value-returning binary expression.
242 ast_expression_common expression;
245 ast_expression *left;
246 ast_expression *right;
250 ast_binary* ast_binary_new(lex_ctx ctx,
252 ast_expression *left,
253 ast_expression *right);
254 void ast_binary_delete(ast_binary*);
256 bool ast_binary_codegen(ast_binary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
260 * An assignment including a binary expression with the source as left operand.
261 * Eg. a += b; is a binstore { INSTR_STORE, INSTR_ADD, a, b }
263 struct ast_binstore_s
265 ast_expression_common expression;
269 ast_expression *dest;
270 ast_expression *source;
271 /* for &~= which uses the destination in a binary in source we can use this */
274 ast_binstore* ast_binstore_new(lex_ctx ctx,
277 ast_expression *left,
278 ast_expression *right);
279 void ast_binstore_delete(ast_binstore*);
281 bool ast_binstore_codegen(ast_binstore*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
285 * Regular unary expressions: not,neg
289 ast_expression_common expression;
292 ast_expression *operand;
294 ast_unary* ast_unary_new(lex_ctx ctx,
296 ast_expression *expr);
297 void ast_unary_delete(ast_unary*);
299 bool ast_unary_codegen(ast_unary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
303 * Make sure 'return' only happens at the end of a block, otherwise the IR
304 * will refuse to create further instructions.
305 * This should be honored by the parser.
309 ast_expression_common expression;
310 ast_expression *operand;
312 ast_return* ast_return_new(lex_ctx ctx,
313 ast_expression *expr);
314 void ast_return_delete(ast_return*);
316 bool ast_return_codegen(ast_return*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
320 * This must do 2 things:
321 * -) Provide a way to fetch an entity field value. (Rvalue)
322 * -) Provide a pointer to an entity field. (Lvalue)
324 * In original QC, there's only a STORE via pointer, but
325 * no LOAD via pointer.
326 * So we must know beforehand if we are going to read or assign
328 * For this we will have to extend the codegen() functions with
329 * a flag saying whether or not we need an L or an R-value.
331 struct ast_entfield_s
333 ast_expression_common expression;
334 /* The entity can come from an expression of course. */
335 ast_expression *entity;
336 /* As can the field, it just must result in a value of TYPE_FIELD */
337 ast_expression *field;
339 ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field);
340 ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new_force(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field, const ast_expression *outtype);
341 void ast_entfield_delete(ast_entfield*);
343 bool ast_entfield_codegen(ast_entfield*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
347 * For now used for vectors. If we get structs or unions
348 * we can have them handled here as well.
352 ast_expression_common expression;
353 ast_expression *owner;
358 ast_member* ast_member_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *owner, unsigned int field, const char *name);
359 void ast_member_delete(ast_member*);
360 bool ast_member_set_name(ast_member*, const char *name);
362 bool ast_member_codegen(ast_member*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
364 /* Array index access:
366 * QC forces us to take special action on arrays:
367 * an ast_store on an ast_array_index must not codegen the index,
368 * but call its setter - unless we have an instruction set which supports
370 * Any other array index access will be codegened to a call to the getter.
371 * In any case, accessing an element via a compiletime-constant index will
372 * result in quick access to that variable.
374 struct ast_array_index_s
376 ast_expression_common expression;
377 ast_expression *array;
378 ast_expression *index;
380 ast_array_index* ast_array_index_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *array, ast_expression *index);
381 void ast_array_index_delete(ast_array_index*);
383 bool ast_array_index_codegen(ast_array_index*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
387 * Stores left<-right and returns left.
388 * Specialized binary expression node
392 ast_expression_common expression;
394 ast_expression *dest;
395 ast_expression *source;
397 ast_store* ast_store_new(lex_ctx ctx, int op,
398 ast_expression *d, ast_expression *s);
399 void ast_store_delete(ast_store*);
401 bool ast_store_codegen(ast_store*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
405 * A general 'if then else' statement, either side can be NULL and will
406 * thus be omitted. It is an error for *both* cases to be NULL at once.
408 * During its 'codegen' it'll be changing the ast_function's block.
410 * An if is also an "expression". Its codegen will put NULL into the
411 * output field though. For ternary expressions an ast_ternary will be
416 ast_expression_common expression;
417 ast_expression *cond;
418 /* It's all just 'expressions', since an ast_block is one too. */
419 ast_expression *on_true;
420 ast_expression *on_false;
422 ast_ifthen* ast_ifthen_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse);
423 void ast_ifthen_delete(ast_ifthen*);
425 bool ast_ifthen_codegen(ast_ifthen*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
427 /* Ternary expressions...
429 * Contrary to 'if-then-else' nodes, ternary expressions actually
430 * return a value, otherwise they behave the very same way.
431 * The difference in 'codegen' is that it'll return the value of
434 * The other difference is that in an ast_ternary, NEITHER side
435 * must be NULL, there's ALWAYS an else branch.
437 * This is the only ast_node beside ast_value which contains
438 * an ir_value. Theoretically we don't need to remember it though.
442 ast_expression_common expression;
443 ast_expression *cond;
444 /* It's all just 'expressions', since an ast_block is one too. */
445 ast_expression *on_true;
446 ast_expression *on_false;
448 ast_ternary* ast_ternary_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse);
449 void ast_ternary_delete(ast_ternary*);
451 bool ast_ternary_codegen(ast_ternary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
453 /* A general loop node
455 * For convenience it contains 4 parts:
456 * -) (ini) = initializing expression
457 * -) (pre) = pre-loop condition
458 * -) (pst) = post-loop condition
459 * -) (inc) = "increment" expression
460 * The following is a psudo-representation of this loop
461 * note that '=>' bears the logical meaning of "implies".
462 * (a => b) equals (!a || b)
465 while (has_pre => {pre})
469 continue: // a 'continue' will jump here
470 if (has_pst => {pst})
478 ast_expression_common expression;
479 ast_expression *initexpr;
480 ast_expression *precond;
481 ast_expression *postcond;
482 ast_expression *increment;
483 ast_expression *body;
484 /* For now we allow a seperate flag on whether or not the condition
485 * is supposed to be true or false.
486 * That way, the parser can generate a 'while not(!x)' for `while(x)`
487 * if desired, which is useful for the new -f{true,false}-empty-strings
493 ast_loop* ast_loop_new(lex_ctx ctx,
494 ast_expression *initexpr,
495 ast_expression *precond, bool pre_not,
496 ast_expression *postcond, bool post_not,
497 ast_expression *increment,
498 ast_expression *body);
499 void ast_loop_delete(ast_loop*);
501 bool ast_loop_codegen(ast_loop*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
505 struct ast_breakcont_s
507 ast_expression_common expression;
511 ast_breakcont* ast_breakcont_new(lex_ctx ctx, bool iscont, unsigned int levels);
512 void ast_breakcont_delete(ast_breakcont*);
514 bool ast_breakcont_codegen(ast_breakcont*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
518 * A few notes about this: with the original QCVM, no real optimization
519 * is possible. The SWITCH instruction set isn't really helping a lot, since
520 * it only collapes the EQ and IF instructions into one.
521 * Note: Declaring local variables inside caseblocks is normal.
522 * Since we don't have to deal with a stack there's no unnatural behaviour to
523 * be expected from it.
527 ast_expression *value; /* #20 will replace this */
528 ast_expression *code;
532 ast_expression_common expression;
534 ast_expression *operand;
535 ast_switch_case *cases;
538 ast_switch* ast_switch_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *op);
539 void ast_switch_delete(ast_switch*);
541 bool ast_switch_codegen(ast_switch*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
545 * Introduce a label which can be used together with 'goto'
549 ast_expression_common expression;
553 /* means it has not yet been defined */
557 ast_label* ast_label_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, bool undefined);
558 void ast_label_delete(ast_label*);
559 void ast_label_register_goto(ast_label*, ast_goto*);
561 bool ast_label_codegen(ast_label*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
565 * Go to a label, the label node is filled in at a later point!
569 ast_expression_common expression;
572 ir_block *irblock_from;
575 ast_goto* ast_goto_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name);
576 void ast_goto_delete(ast_goto*);
577 void ast_goto_set_label(ast_goto*, ast_label*);
579 bool ast_goto_codegen(ast_goto*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
583 * Contains an ast_expression as target, rather than an ast_function/value.
584 * Since it's how QC works, every ast_function has an ast_value
585 * associated anyway - in other words, the VM contains function
586 * pointers for every function anyway. Thus, this node will call
588 * Additionally it contains a list of ast_expressions as parameters.
589 * Since calls can return values, an ast_call is also an ast_expression.
593 ast_expression_common expression;
594 ast_expression *func;
595 ast_expression* *params;
596 ast_expression *va_count;
598 ast_call* ast_call_new(lex_ctx ctx,
599 ast_expression *funcexpr);
600 void ast_call_delete(ast_call*);
601 bool ast_call_codegen(ast_call*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
602 bool ast_call_check_types(ast_call*);
609 ast_expression_common expression;
612 ast_expression* *exprs;
613 ast_expression* *collect;
615 ast_block* ast_block_new(lex_ctx ctx);
616 void ast_block_delete(ast_block*);
617 void ast_block_set_type(ast_block*, ast_expression *from);
619 bool ast_block_codegen(ast_block*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
620 void ast_block_collect(ast_block*, ast_expression*);
622 bool GMQCC_WARN ast_block_add_expr(ast_block*, ast_expression*);
626 * Contains a list of blocks... at least in theory.
627 * Usually there's just the main block, other blocks are inside that.
629 * Technically, functions don't need to be an AST node, since we have
630 * neither functions inside functions, nor lambdas, and function
631 * pointers could just work with a name. However, this way could be
632 * more flexible, and adds no real complexity.
634 struct ast_function_s
636 ast_node_common node;
643 ir_function *ir_func;
645 ir_block **breakblocks;
646 ir_block **continueblocks;
649 /* In order for early-out logic not to go over
650 * excessive jumps, we remember their target
658 /* in order for thread safety - for the optional
659 * channel abesed multithreading... keeping a buffer
660 * here to use in ast_function_label.
668 ast_value *fixedparams;
670 ast_function* ast_function_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, ast_value *vtype);
671 /* This will NOT delete the underlying ast_value */
672 void ast_function_delete(ast_function*);
673 /* For "optimized" builds this can just keep returning "foo"...
676 const char* ast_function_label(ast_function*, const char *prefix);
678 bool ast_function_codegen(ast_function *self, ir_builder *builder);
679 bool ast_generate_accessors(ast_value *asvalue, ir_builder *ir);
683 union ast_expression_u
685 ast_expression_common expression;
693 ast_entfield entfield;
700 ast_node_common node;
701 ast_expression expression;